Community Health Nursing Department, Nursing Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan km 10, Kampus Tamalanrea, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia; Doctoral Program of Medicine and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Senolowo, Sekip Utara, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Nutrition and Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Senolowo, Sekip Utara, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2023 Jul;17(7):102787. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102787. Epub 2023 Jun 2.
Recent studies reported that virtual health coaching (VHCs) had greater benefits on glycemic control compared to traditional diabetes care. However, VHCs are reported to lack real-time evaluations and personalized patient feedback. To support the intention of developing high quality VHC programs, this review aimed to describe characteristics of the coach-client interaction within VHC that had beneficial impacts on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
We conducted a comprehensive scoping review following the six steps of the framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley. Twelve articles that met the eligibility criteria were retrieved from Medline, ProQuest, Science Direct and Scopus.
We found five key concepts regarding the characteristics of coach-client interactions. First, the discussion through smartphones involved individualized feedback and insights, goals setting, barrier identification, facilitation to change behavior, and also clients' clinical, mental, and social conditions. Second, the interactions were supported by in-app features including in-app messaging, email, in-app live video consultation and in-app discussion forums. Third, the most used time of evaluation was 12 months. Fourth, the most commonly delivered topic was lifestyle changes which were predominantly focused on dietary patterns. Fifth, most of health coaches were health liaisons.
The findings highlight the discussion points within interaction through well-planned devices combining an appropriate in-app features contribute to an effective coach-client interactions of VHC. It is expected that future studies can apply these findings as the basis to develop a single set of standards for VHCs which refer to specific patterns of patient-oriented interaction.
最近的研究报告称，虚拟健康教练（VHC）在血糖控制方面比传统的糖尿病护理有更大的益处。然而，据报道，VHC 缺乏实时评估和个性化的患者反馈。为了支持开发高质量 VHC 计划的意图，本综述旨在描述 VHC 中对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者有有益影响的教练-客户互动的特点。
我们按照 Arksey 和 O'Malley 开发的框架的六个步骤进行了全面的范围综述。从 Medline、ProQuest、Science Direct 和 Scopus 检索到符合入选标准的 12 篇文章。
我们发现了五个关于教练-客户互动特点的关键概念。首先，通过智能手机进行的讨论涉及个性化反馈和见解、目标设定、障碍识别、促进行为改变，以及客户的临床、心理和社会状况。其次，互动得到了应用内功能的支持，包括应用内消息、电子邮件、应用内实时视频咨询和应用内讨论论坛。第三，最常用的评估时间是 12 个月。第四，最常传递的主题是生活方式的改变，主要集中在饮食模式上。第五，大多数健康教练是健康联络人。
这些发现强调了通过精心计划的设备进行互动的讨论点，结合适当的应用内功能有助于实现有效的 VHC 教练-客户互动。预计未来的研究可以将这些发现应用为开发 VHC 的一套单一标准的基础，该标准涉及以患者为导向的互动的特定模式。
