Department of Psychology, York University, North York, ON, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Psychiatry Res. 2023 Aug;326:115273. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115273. Epub 2023 May 29.
Emotion dysregulation is central to borderline personality disorder (BPD) and exacerbated by sleep disruptions. This study investigated whether homeostatic (i.e., sleep efficiency), circadian (i.e., chronotype), and subjective (i.e., sleep quality) sleep elements predict emotion dysregulation in BPD, healthy controls (HCs), and a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) group. Participants (N = 120) with BPD, GAD, and HCs completed daily sleep measures for seven days prior to an experiment wherein baseline emotion, emotional reactions to stressors (i.e., reactivity), and the extent to which they can decrease their emotion using mindfulness and distraction (i.e., emotion regulation) were measured across self-reported, sympathetic, and parasympathetic emotion. Across groups, earlier chronotypes and higher sleep quality predicted less self-reported baseline negative emotion, and higher sleep quality predicted better parasympathetic emotion regulation. For HCs, higher sleep efficiency and lower sleep quality predicted higher parasympathetic baseline emotion, and higher sleep efficiency predicted more self-reported baseline negative emotion. Also in HCs, earlier chronotype predicted better sympathetic emotion regulation, and there was a quadratic relationship between sleep efficiency and self-reported emotion regulation. Optimizing sleep quality and improving alignment between chronotype and daily living may improve baseline emotion and emotion regulation. Healthy individuals may be particularly vulnerable to high or low sleep efficiency.
情绪失调是边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的核心问题，并且会因睡眠障碍而加剧。本研究旨在探讨稳态（即睡眠效率）、昼夜节律（即时型）和主观（即睡眠质量）睡眠因素是否可以预测 BPD 患者、健康对照者（HCs）和广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）患者的情绪失调。120 名参与者（包括 BPD、GAD 和 HCs）在进行实验前七天内完成了每日睡眠测量，实验中测量了他们的基线情绪、对压力源的情绪反应（即反应性），以及使用正念和分散注意力来降低情绪的程度（即情绪调节），这些都是通过自我报告、交感神经和副交感神经情绪来测量的。在所有组中，较早的时型和较高的睡眠质量预示着自我报告的基线负性情绪较少，而较高的睡眠质量预示着更好的副交感神经情绪调节。对于 HCs，较高的睡眠效率和较低的睡眠质量预示着更高的副交感神经基线情绪，而较高的睡眠效率预示着更多的自我报告基线负性情绪。此外，在 HCs 中，较早的时型预示着更好的交感神经情绪调节，而睡眠效率与自我报告的情绪调节之间存在二次关系。优化睡眠质量并改善时型与日常生活的一致性可能会改善基线情绪和情绪调节。健康个体可能特别容易受到高或低睡眠效率的影响。
