Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, United States of America.
Appl Ergon. 2023 Oct;112:104039. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104039. Epub 2023 Jun 13.
A mixed-methods approach was used to assess the fidelity of virtual environments as ergonomic assessment tools for human-robot interaction. Participants performed a visual search task in the physical environment while a nearby collaborative robot repeatedly extended its arm toward them. This scenario was reconstructed in two virtual environments with different levels of graphical detail. Measures of presence, task performance, workload, and anxiety were taken to determine the effect of robot motion in all three environments. Task performance decreased in response to robot motion in the physical environment, while workload and anxiety increased. This simple effect of motion was consistent across environments for measures of task performance and anxiety. However, people performed faster overall in virtual reality, and the effect of motion on workload was greatly reduced in virtual reality. Results in the virtual environments suggest that people were distracted by the sound of the robot, and that presence was affected by manipulations of immersion and coherence.
采用混合方法评估虚拟环境作为人机交互的人体工程学评估工具的保真度。参与者在物理环境中执行视觉搜索任务，而附近的协作机器人反复向他们伸出手臂。此场景在两个具有不同图形细节水平的虚拟环境中进行了重建。测量了存在感、任务绩效、工作负荷和焦虑程度，以确定在所有三个环境中机器人运动的影响。在物理环境中，随着机器人运动的进行，任务绩效下降，而工作负荷和焦虑增加。对于任务绩效和焦虑的测量，这种运动的简单效果在各个环境中都是一致的。然而，人们在虚拟现实中整体表现更快，并且运动对工作负荷的影响在虚拟现实中大大降低。虚拟环境中的结果表明，人们被机器人的声音分散了注意力，并且沉浸感和连贯性的操作会影响存在感。
