Menéndez Daniel, Blanco-Fernandez Carmen, Machado-Schiaffino Gonzalo, Ardura Alba, Garcia-Vazquez Eva
Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, C/ Julian Claveria s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, C/ Julian Claveria s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Jun 12;262:115135. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115135.
Microplastics (MPs) affect both marine and terrestrial biota worldwide for their harmful effects, which range from physical cell damage to physiological deterioration. In this research, microplastics were quantified from gills, liver and muscle of demersal Benguela hakes Merluccius polli (n = 94), caught by commercial trawling from northwest African waters. Plastic polymers were identified using Fourier Transformed-infraRed spectroscopy (FT-iR). Fulton's k condition factor and the degree of DNA degradation in liver were measured. None of the individuals were free of MPs, whose concentration ranged from 0.18 particles/g in muscle to 0.6 in liver. Four hazardous polymers were identified: 2-ethoxyethylmethacrylate, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, and poly-acrylics. MP concentration in liver was correlated negatively with the condition factor, suggesting physiological damage. Positive association of MP concentration and liver DNA degradation was explained from cell breakage during trawl hauls during decompression, suggesting an additional way of MPs harm in organisms inhabiting at great depth. This is the first report of potential MPs-driven damage in this species; more studies are recommended to understand the impact of MP pollution on demersal species.
微塑料（MPs）因其有害影响而对全球海洋和陆地生物群产生影响，其危害范围从细胞物理损伤到生理恶化。在本研究中，对从非洲西北部水域商业拖网捕捞的底栖本格拉无须鳕（Merluccius polli，n = 94）的鳃、肝脏和肌肉中的微塑料进行了量化。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-iR）鉴定塑料聚合物。测量了富尔顿氏k条件因子和肝脏中DNA降解程度。没有一个个体不含微塑料，其浓度范围从肌肉中的0.18颗粒/克到肝脏中的0.6颗粒/克。鉴定出四种有害聚合物：甲基丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯、聚酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚丙烯酸类。肝脏中的微塑料浓度与条件因子呈负相关，表明存在生理损伤。微塑料浓度与肝脏DNA降解的正相关可从减压拖网捕捞过程中的细胞破裂来解释，这表明微塑料对生活在深海的生物造成危害的另一种方式。这是关于该物种潜在的微塑料驱动损伤的首次报告；建议进行更多研究以了解微塑料污染对底栖物种的影响。
