P Pratibha J, Prasad Shruthi S, Manohar Naveen
Department of Dermatology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, IND.
Department of Dermatology, Belagavi Institute of Medical Sciences, Belagavi, IND.
Cureus. 2023 May 13;15(5):e38987. doi: 10.7759/cureus.38987. eCollection 2023 May.
Background Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSEA) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of genital and extragenital sites with a prevalence ranging from 9% in prepubertal patients to 50% in postmenopausal patients. Chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) is an artificial intelligence tool designed to assist humans based on supervised and reinforcement techniques. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients with LSEA using ChatGPT. Methods In this retrospective study, we included all patients who presented to the outpatient dermatology department during 2017-2022 at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Information regarding demographic data, characteristics of LSEA, comorbidities, and associated autoimmune disorders was gathered using a medical chart review. Following data analysis and drafting of the manuscript, the utility of ChatGPT-3 and ChatGPT-4 in finalizing the draft was assessed. Results Of 20 patients diagnosed with LSEA, 16 (80%) and four (20%) patients were females and males, respectively. Of them, 50% of female patients had attained menopause. While 65% of patients had genital LSEA, 30% of patients had extragenital LSEA only, and 5% of patients had both genital and extragenital LSEA. Furthermore, four (20%) patients were prepubertal children. Of four male patients, two (50%) were younger than 18 years of age, and one patient was diagnosed with balanitis xerotica obliterans. The commonest associated features in LSEA included joint involvement (30%), hypertension (25%), and anemia (15%). Rare concomitant disorders included psoriasis, asthma, and basal cell carcinoma over the nose. Conclusions LSEA may be confused with other various dermatoses, such as morphea, vitiligo, and lichen planus. A high index of suspicion is required, especially in children, to diagnose it early and intervene to prevent further complications. Its relationship with autoimmune disorders and comorbidities warrants further large-scale studies. ChatGPT was unreliable in the literature search due to the provision of non-existent citations. ChatGPT-4 was better than ChatGPT-3 since it provided few true publications. ChatGPT was used in this study to summarize the articles identified by the authors during the literature search and to correct grammatical errors in the final draft of the manuscript.
背景 硬化性萎缩性苔藓（LSEA）是一种发生于生殖器及生殖器外部位的慢性炎症性皮肤病，在青春期前患者中的患病率为9%，在绝经后患者中为50%。Chat生成式预训练变换器（ChatGPT）是一种基于监督和强化技术设计的人工智能工具。在本研究中，我们旨在使用ChatGPT评估LSEA患者的特征。方法 在这项回顾性研究中，我们纳入了2017年至2022年期间在印度南部一家三级医疗教学医院皮肤科门诊就诊的所有患者。通过查阅病历收集有关人口统计学数据、LSEA特征、合并症和相关自身免疫性疾病的信息。在数据分析和稿件起草完成后，评估了ChatGPT-3和ChatGPT-4在完成稿件方面的效用。结果 在20例诊断为LSEA的患者中，女性患者16例（80%），男性患者4例（20%）。其中，50%的女性患者已绝经。65%的患者患有生殖器LSEA，30%的患者仅患有生殖器外LSEA，5%的患者同时患有生殖器和生殖器外LSEA。此外，4例（20%）患者为青春期前儿童。在4例男性患者中，2例（50%）年龄小于18岁，1例患者被诊断为闭塞性干燥性龟头炎。LSEA最常见的相关特征包括关节受累（30%）、高血压（25%）和贫血（15%）。罕见的伴随疾病包括银屑病、哮喘和鼻部基底细胞癌。结论 LSEA可能与其他多种皮肤病混淆，如硬斑病、白癜风和扁平苔藓。需要高度怀疑，尤其是在儿童中，以便早期诊断并进行干预以预防进一步的并发症。其与自身免疫性疾病和合并症的关系值得进一步开展大规模研究。由于提供不存在的引用，ChatGPT在文献检索中不可靠。ChatGPT-4比ChatGPT-3更好，因为它提供的真实出版物较少。本研究中使用ChatGPT总结作者在文献检索中识别的文章，并纠正稿件终稿中的语法错误。
