Longo F J
Dev Biol. 1986 Jul;116(1):143-59. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(86)90051-5.
To examine the integration and fate of the sperm plasma membrane following its incorporation into the oocyte plasma membrane, we have fertilized sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata) gametes reciprocally labeled with cationized ferritin. When unlabeled oocytes were inseminated with labeled sperm, cationized ferritin acceptors moved laterally from the sperm plasma membrane into the fertilization cone and surrounding microvilli, mixing with components of the oocyte plasmalemma. Labeled oocytes inseminated with unlabeled sperm produced extremely large fertilization cones, completely devoid of cationized ferritin, while the remainder of the oocyte surface remained heavily labeled. Surface area measurements indicated that if all the sperm plasmalemma were utilized to delimit a fertilization cone it would provide less than 10% of the total surface membrane. Evidence is presented indicating that a principal source of membrane to the expanding fertilization cone of inseminated oocytes is from microvilli, i.e., microvilli are retracted to accommodate fertilization cone formation. Membrane delimiting the fertilization cone has a much lower affinity for agents (cationized ferritin and concanavalin A) that stain negatively charged and carbohydrate moieties compared to other regions of the oocyte surface. These ultrastructural observations indicate that significant rearrangements occur in the oocyte and sperm plasma membranes following gamete fusion which give rise to asymmetries in membrane topography; components of both membranes are redistributed within the bilayer adjacent to and delimiting the fertilization cone.
为了研究精子质膜并入卵母细胞质膜后的整合情况及命运，我们用阳离子铁蛋白对海胆（刺冠海胆）配子进行了相互标记，然后使其受精。当用标记的精子对未标记的卵母细胞进行授精时，阳离子铁蛋白受体从精子质膜横向移动到受精锥和周围的微绒毛中，与卵母细胞质膜的成分混合。用未标记的精子对标记的卵母细胞进行授精时，会产生极大的受精锥，其中完全没有阳离子铁蛋白，而卵母细胞表面的其余部分仍有大量标记。表面积测量表明，如果所有精子质膜都用于界定一个受精锥，它所提供的表面积不到总表面膜的10%。有证据表明，授精卵母细胞不断扩大的受精锥的膜的主要来源是微绒毛，即微绒毛会缩回以适应受精锥的形成。与卵母细胞表面的其他区域相比，界定受精锥的膜对能够染色带负电荷和碳水化合物部分的试剂（阳离子铁蛋白和伴刀豆球蛋白A）的亲和力要低得多。这些超微结构观察结果表明，配子融合后，卵母细胞和精子质膜会发生显著重排，从而导致膜拓扑结构的不对称；两种膜的成分在与受精锥相邻并界定受精锥的双层内重新分布。
