Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon.
Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE.
Drug Discov Today. 2023 Sep;28(9):103669. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103669. Epub 2023 Jun 14.
The tremendous success of immunotherapy in clinical trials has led to its establishment as a new pillar of cancer therapy. However, little clinical efficacy has been achieved in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer (MSS-CRC), which constitutes most CRC tumors. Here, we discuss the molecular and genetic heterogeneity of CRC. We review the immune escape mechanisms, and focus on the latest advances in immunotherapy as a treatment modality for CRC. By providing a better understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the molecular mechanisms underlying immunoevasion, this review offers an insight into developing therapeutic strategies that are effective for patients with various subsets of CRC.
免疫疗法在临床试验中的巨大成功使其成为癌症治疗的新支柱。然而，在微卫星稳定的结直肠癌（MSS-CRC）中，其临床疗效甚微，MSS-CRC 构成了大多数 CRC 肿瘤。在这里，我们讨论了 CRC 的分子和遗传异质性。我们回顾了免疫逃逸机制，并重点介绍了免疫疗法作为 CRC 治疗方式的最新进展。通过更好地了解肿瘤微环境（TME）和免疫逃逸的分子机制，本综述为开发针对各种 CRC 亚群患者有效的治疗策略提供了深入了解。
