Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Jul 31;244:125358. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125358. Epub 2023 Jun 15.
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that needs an appropriate environment to overcome infection and inflammation to progress well. Wounds lead to morbidity, mortality, and a significant economic burden, often due to the non-availability of suitable treatments. Hence, this field has lured the attention of researchers and pharmaceutical industries for decades. As a result, the global wound care market is expected to be 27.8 billion USD by 2026 from 19.3 billion USD in 2021, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.6 %. Wound dressings have emerged as an effective treatment to maintain moisture, protect from pathogens, and impede wound healing. However, synthetic polymer-based dressings fail to comprehensively address optimal and quick regeneration requirements. Natural polymers like glucan and galactan-based carbohydrate dressings have received much attention due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, inexpensiveness, and natural abundance. Also, nanofibrous mesh supports better proliferation and migration of fibroblasts because of their large surface area and similarity to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Thus, nanostructured dressings derived from glucans and galactans (i.e., chitosan, agar/agarose, pullulan, curdlan, carrageenan, etc.) can overcome the limitations associated with traditional wound dressings. However, they require further development pertaining to the wireless determination of wound bed status and its clinical assessment. The present review intends to provide insight into such carbohydrate-based nanofibrous dressings and their prospects, along with some clinical case studies.
伤口愈合是一个复杂且动态的过程，需要一个适宜的环境来克服感染和炎症，以顺利进行。伤口会导致发病率、死亡率和巨大的经济负担，这往往是由于缺乏合适的治疗方法。因此，几十年来，这个领域一直吸引着研究人员和制药行业的关注。因此，全球伤口护理市场预计将从 2021 年的 193 亿美元增长到 2026 年的 278 亿美元，复合年增长率为 7.6%。伤口敷料已成为保持水分、防止病原体和阻碍伤口愈合的有效治疗方法。然而，基于合成聚合物的敷料未能全面满足最佳和快速再生的要求。天然聚合物，如基于葡聚糖和半乳聚糖的碳水化合物敷料，由于其固有生物相容性、可生物降解性、低廉的价格和天然丰富性而受到广泛关注。此外，纳米纤维网由于其较大的表面积和与细胞外基质（ECM）的相似性，支持成纤维细胞更好地增殖和迁移。因此，基于葡聚糖和半乳聚糖（即壳聚糖、琼脂/琼脂糖、普鲁兰、环糊精、卡拉胶等）的纳米结构敷料可以克服与传统伤口敷料相关的局限性。然而，它们需要进一步开发，以实现无线确定伤口床状态及其临床评估。本综述旨在提供对基于碳水化合物的纳米纤维敷料及其前景的深入了解，以及一些临床案例研究。
