Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Canada.
Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Canada.
J Safety Res. 2023 Jun;85:129-139. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2023.01.012. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
Young workers are at risk of workplace injuries for numerous reasons. One contentious yet untested theory is that subjective invulnerability to danger-a sense of indestructability in the face of physical hazards-can affect some young workers' reactions to workplace hazards. This study contends that subjective invulnerability can affect these reactions in two ways: (a) perceptions of physical hazards at work generate less fear of injury among those who perceive themselves as more invulnerable and/or; (b) fear of injury does not motivate speaking up about safety concerns (safety voice) among those who perceive themselves as more invulnerable.
This paper tests a moderated mediation model in which higher perceptions of physical hazards at work are related to higher safety voice intentions via higher fear of injury, but that subjective invulnerability reduces the extent to which: (a) perceptions of physical hazards at work are associated with fear of injury and/or; (b) fear of injury is associated with safety voice. This model is tested in two studies of young workers (Study 1 on-line experiment: N = 114, M age = 20.67, SD = 1.79; range = 18-24 years; Study 2 field study using three waves of data collected at monthly intervals: N = 80, M age = 17.13, SD = 1.08, range = 15-20 years).
Contrary to expectations, the results showed that young workers who feel more invulnerable to danger are more likely to speak up about safety when experiencing higher fear of injury, and that perceptions of physical hazards-safety voice relationship is mediated by fear of injury for those who perceive themselves to be more invulnerable to danger. Conclusions/Practical Applications: Rather than subjective invulnerability silencing safety voice as predicted, the current data suggest that subjective invulnerability may serve to accelerate how fear of injury motivates safety voice.
年轻工人由于多种原因面临工作场所受伤的风险。一个有争议但未经检验的理论是，对危险的主观不可侵犯性——面对物理危险时的坚不可摧感——可能会影响一些年轻工人对工作场所危险的反应。本研究认为，主观不可侵犯性可以通过以下两种方式影响这些反应：（a）对工作中物理危险的感知会减少那些认为自己更不容易受伤的人对受伤的恐惧；或者；（b）对受伤的恐惧不会促使那些认为自己更不容易受伤的人对安全问题发表意见（安全声音）。
本文测试了一个中介调节模型，其中工作中更高的物理危险感知通过更高的对受伤的恐惧与更高的安全声音意图相关，但主观不可侵犯性降低了以下两个方面的程度：（a）工作中物理危险的感知与对受伤的恐惧之间的关联；或者；（b）对受伤的恐惧与安全声音之间的关联。该模型在两项针对年轻工人的研究中进行了测试（研究 1：在线实验：N=114，M 年龄=20.67，SD=1.79；范围=18-24 岁；研究 2：使用三个月内每月收集三次数据的现场研究：N=80，M 年龄=17.13，SD=1.08，范围=15-20 岁）。
与预期相反，结果表明，当感到更危险时，感到更危险的年轻工人更有可能在感到更高的对受伤的恐惧时就安全问题发表意见，并且对于那些认为自己更不容易受到危险的人来说，对物理危险的感知-安全声音关系是由对受伤的恐惧来介导的。结论/实际应用：当前的数据表明，主观不可侵犯性可能会加速对受伤的恐惧如何激励安全声音，而不是像预期的那样，主观不可侵犯性会使安全声音沉默。
