心肌梗死后患者中由护士主导的生活方式改变随访项目的开发及随机可行性试验。
The development and randomised feasibility trial of a Nurse-led lifestyle modification follow-up programme among post-myocardial infarction patients.
作者信息
Yadav Sonam, Kalal Nipin, Sharma Suresh K, Deora Surender
机构信息
Postgraduate Nursing Student, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
出版信息
J Res Nurs. 2023 May;28(3):230-246. doi: 10.1177/17449871231163983. Epub 2023 Jun 13.
BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease is the most often occurring disease in India accounting for 24.8% of deaths. Myocardial infarction contributes to this. A higher risk of cardiovascular disease exists due to comorbidities or the unawareness of existing illness among the Indian population. There is a shortage of published research on cardiovascular disease and a lack of standard cardiac rehabilitation programmes in India.
AIM
Our study aims to develop a Nurse-led lifestyle modification follow-up programme, to assess and compare the effectiveness of the programme on health outcomes and quality of life among post-myocardial infarction patients.
METHODS
A two arm, single-blinded, randomised feasibility trial was conducted by developing a Nurse-led lifestyle modification follow-up programme. The interventional programme was based on the information-motivation-behavioural skill model and included health education, an educational booklet, and telephone follow-up. For feasibility testing of intervention, 12 patients were randomly allocated ( = 6/group). Patients in the control group were provided with routine care, while the intervention group was given routine care along with a Nurse-led lifestyle modification follow-up programme.
RESULTS
It was possible to use this tool. In addition to determining the tool's feasibility for use we found that the intervention group showed a significant improvement in systolic blood pressure (BP) ( = 0.001), diastolic BP ( = 0.016), Body Mass Index (BMI) ( = 0.004), and quality of life in all the subscales - physical, emotional and social ( < 0.001) after 12 weeks of discharge.
CONCLUSION
Findings from this study will help to reinforce designing a cost-effective care delivery system in the care of post-myocardial infarction patients. This programme is a novel approach to improve preventive, curative and rehabilitative services for the post-myocardial infarction patients in India.
背景
心血管疾病是印度最常发生的疾病，占死亡人数的24.8%。心肌梗死是其原因之一。由于合并症或印度人群对现有疾病的认知不足，心血管疾病的风险更高。印度缺乏关于心血管疾病的已发表研究，也缺乏标准的心脏康复项目。
目的
我们的研究旨在制定一项由护士主导的生活方式改变随访计划，以评估和比较该计划对心肌梗死后患者健康结局和生活质量的有效性。
方法
通过制定一项由护士主导的生活方式改变随访计划，进行了一项双臂、单盲、随机可行性试验。干预计划基于信息-动机-行为技能模型，包括健康教育、一本教育手册和电话随访。为了对干预进行可行性测试，随机分配了12名患者（每组6名）。对照组患者接受常规护理，而干预组患者在接受常规护理的同时还接受由护士主导的生活方式改变随访计划。
结果
可以使用这个工具。除了确定该工具使用的可行性外，我们还发现，干预组在出院12周后，收缩压（BP）（P = 0.001）、舒张压（P = 0.016）、体重指数（BMI）（P = 0.004）以及所有子量表（身体、情感和社会）的生活质量（P < 0.001）均有显著改善。
结论
本研究的结果将有助于加强为心肌梗死后患者设计具有成本效益的护理提供系统。该计划是一种新颖的方法，可改善印度心肌梗死后患者的预防、治疗和康复服务。
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