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Ptr1 和 ZAR1 免疫受体赋予重叠和独特的细菌病原体效应子特异性。

Ptr1 and ZAR1 immune receptors confer overlapping and distinct bacterial pathogen effector specificities.

机构信息

Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea.

Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.

出版信息

New Phytol. 2023 Sep;239(5):1935-1953. doi: 10.1111/nph.19073. Epub 2023 Jun 19.

Abstract

Some nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) indirectly detect pathogen effectors by monitoring their host targets. In Arabidopsis thaliana, RIN4 is targeted by multiple sequence-unrelated effectors and activates immune responses mediated by RPM1 and RPS2. These effectors trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, but the corresponding NLRs have yet not been identified. To identify N. benthamiana NLRs (NbNLRs) that recognize Arabidopsis RIN4-targeting effectors, we conducted a rapid reverse genetic screen using an NbNLR VIGS library. We identified that the N. benthamiana homolog of Ptr1 (Pseudomonas tomato race 1) recognizes the Pseudomonas effectors AvrRpt2, AvrRpm1, and AvrB. We demonstrated that recognition of the Xanthomonas effector AvrBsT and the Pseudomonas effector HopZ5 is conferred independently by the N. benthamiana homolog of Ptr1 and ZAR1. Interestingly, the recognition of HopZ5 and AvrBsT is contributed unequally by Ptr1 and ZAR1 in N. benthamiana and Capsicum annuum. In addition, we showed that the RLCK XII family protein JIM2 is required for the NbZAR1-dependent recognition of AvrBsT and HopZ5. The recognition of sequence-unrelated effectors by NbPtr1 and NbZAR1 provides an additional example of convergently evolved effector recognition. Identification of key components involved in Ptr1 and ZAR1-mediated immunity could reveal unique mechanisms of expanded effector recognition.

摘要

一些核苷酸结合和富含亮氨酸重复受体(NLRs)通过监测其宿主靶标间接检测病原体效应子。在拟南芥中,RIN4 被多个序列不相关的效应子靶向,并激活由 RPM1 和 RPS2 介导的免疫反应。这些效应子在本氏烟中引发细胞死亡,但相应的 NLRs尚未被鉴定。为了鉴定识别拟南芥 RIN4 靶向效应子的本氏烟 NLRs(NbNLRs),我们使用 NbNLR VIGS 文库进行了快速反向遗传学筛选。我们鉴定出 Ptr1(番茄假单胞菌 Race 1)的本氏烟同源物识别假单胞菌效应子 AvrRpt2、AvrRpm1 和 AvrB。我们证明了 Xanthomonas 效应子 AvrBsT 和 Pseudomonas 效应子 HopZ5 的识别分别由 Ptr1 和 ZAR1 的本氏烟同源物赋予。有趣的是,HopZ5 和 AvrBsT 的识别在本氏烟和辣椒中由 Ptr1 和 ZAR1 不均等地贡献。此外,我们表明 RLCK XII 家族蛋白 JIM2 是 NbZAR1 依赖识别 AvrBsT 和 HopZ5 所必需的。NbPtr1 和 NbZAR1 对序列不相关效应子的识别为趋同进化的效应子识别提供了另一个例子。鉴定 Ptr1 和 ZAR1 介导免疫中的关键成分可以揭示扩展效应子识别的独特机制。

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