Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India.
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkhla University, 90112 Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Jul 31;244:125472. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125472. Epub 2023 Jun 17.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract. IBD has become an increasingly common condition in both developed and developing nations over the last few decades, owing to a variety of factors like a rising population and diets packed with processed and junk foods. While the root pathophysiology of IBD is unknown, treatments are focused on medications aimed to mitigate symptoms. Alginate (AG), a marine-derived polysaccharide, is extensively studied for its biocompatibility, pH sensitivity, and crosslinking nature. This polymer is thoroughly researched in drug delivery systems for IBD treatment, as it is naturally available, non-toxic, cost effective, and can be easily and safely cross-linked with other polymers to form an interconnected network, which helps in controlling the release of drugs over an extended period. There are various types of drug delivery systems developed from AG to deliver therapeutic agents; among them, nanotechnology-based systems and hydrogels are popular due to their ability to facilitate targeted drug delivery, reduce dosage, and increase the therapeutic efficiency. AG-based carrier systems are not only used for the sustained release of drug, but also used in the delivery of siRNA, interleukins, and stem cells for site directed drug delivery and tissue regenerating ability respectively. This review is focussed on pathogenesis and currently studied medications for IBD, AG-based drug delivery systems and their properties for the alleviation of IBD. Moreover, future challenges are also be discoursed to improve the research of AG in the field of biopharmaceuticals and drug delivery.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种影响胃肠道的炎症性疾病。在过去几十年中，由于人口增长和富含加工食品和垃圾食品的饮食等多种因素，IBD 在发达国家和发展中国家变得越来越普遍。虽然 IBD 的根本病理生理学尚不清楚，但治疗方法侧重于旨在减轻症状的药物治疗。藻酸盐（AG）是一种源自海洋的多糖，因其生物相容性、pH 敏感性和交联性质而得到广泛研究。该聚合物在 IBD 治疗的药物递送系统中得到了深入研究，因为它天然存在、无毒、具有成本效益，并且可以轻松、安全地与其他聚合物交联形成互连网络，有助于控制药物的释放。有各种类型的药物递送系统是由 AG 开发的，用于输送治疗剂；其中，基于纳米技术的系统和水凝胶因其能够实现靶向药物递送、减少剂量和提高治疗效率而受到欢迎。基于 AG 的载体系统不仅用于药物的持续释放，还用于 siRNA、白细胞介素和干细胞的递送来分别实现靶向药物递送和组织再生能力。本综述重点介绍了 IBD 的发病机制和目前研究的药物、基于 AG 的药物递送系统及其缓解 IBD 的特性。此外，还讨论了未来的挑战，以改善 AG 在生物制药和药物递送领域的研究。
