Seed Technology Research Center, All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Seed (Crops), Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2023 Oct;25(6):935-943. doi: 10.1111/plb.13551. Epub 2023 Jul 12.
The seed coat composition of white (JS 335) and black (Bhatt) soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) having different water permeability was studied. Phenols, tannins and proteins were measured, as well as trace elements and metabolites in the seed coats. The seed coat of Bhatt was impermeable and imposed dormancy, while that of JS 335 was permeable and seeds exhibited imbibitional injury. Bhatt seed coats contained comparatively higher concentrations of phenols, tannins, proteins, Fe and Cu than those of JS 335. Metabolites of seed coats of both genotypes contained 164 compounds, among which only 14 were common to both cultivars, while the remaining 79 and 71 compounds were unique to JS 331 and Bhatt, respectively. Phenols are the main compounds responsible for seed coat impermeability and accumulate in palisade cells of Bhatt, providing impermeability and strength to the seed coat. JS 335 had more cracked seed coats, mainly due to their lower tannin content. Alkanes, esters, carboxylic acids and alcohols were common to both genotypes, while cyclic thiocarbamate (1.07%), monoterpene alcohols (1.07%), nitric esters (1.07%), phenoxazine (1.07%) and sulphoxide (1.07%) compounds were unique to the JS 335 seed coat, while aldehydes (2.35%), amides (1.17%), azoles (1.17%) and sugar moieties (1.17%) were unique to Bhatt seed coats. This study provides a platform for isolation and understanding of each identified compound for its function in seed coat permeability.
研究了具有不同透水性的白（JS335）和黑（Bhatt）大豆（Glycine max（L.）Merr）种皮的组成。测量了种皮中的酚类、单宁和蛋白质以及痕量元素和代谢物。Bhatt 的种皮不透水并导致休眠，而 JS335 的种皮则可渗透，种子表现出吸胀损伤。Bhatt 种皮中酚类、单宁、蛋白质、Fe 和 Cu 的浓度相对较高。两种基因型种皮代谢物均含有 164 种化合物，其中只有 14 种在两个品种中都有，而其余 79 种和 71 种化合物分别是 JS331 和 Bhatt 所特有的。酚类是导致种皮不透水的主要化合物，在 Bhatt 的栅栏细胞中积累，为种皮提供不透水和强度。JS335 有更多的裂纹种皮，主要是由于其单宁含量较低。烷烃、酯类、羧酸和醇类是两种基因型共有的，而环状硫代氨基甲酸酯（1.07%）、单萜醇（1.07%）、硝酸酯（1.07%）、吩嗪（1.07%）和亚砜（1.07%）化合物是 JS335 种皮所特有的，而醛类（2.35%）、酰胺类（1.17%）、唑类（1.17%）和糖部分（1.17%）是 Bhatt 种皮所特有的。本研究为每种鉴定化合物在种皮透性中的功能的分离和理解提供了一个平台。
