Department of Psychology, Saarland University.
School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2023 Aug;49(8):1145-1157. doi: 10.1037/xhp0001135. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
Prior experience has a strong impact on search performance, and most recent models of attention incorporate selection history as an important source of attentional guidance. Here, we focused on feature intertrial priming, a robust effect showing that responses to a singleton target are considerably faster when its unique feature repeats versus changes across successive trials. Previous studies showed that such target repetition does not reliably reduce the interference exerted by a salient distractor. This finding has been taken to indicate that target repetition does not enhance the target's competitive edge relative to the salient distractor. Therefore, it challenges the notion that intertrial priming modulates attentional priority. Here, we suggest that this inference may be misguided because the interpretation of distractor interference as a measure of the attentional priority of the salient distractor relative to the target is incorrect. To obtain a more direct measure of the impact of feature intertrial priming on the target's priority relative to a salient distractor and nontargets, we used the capture-probe paradigm. Across two experiments, probe reports from the target location increased at the expense of the salient distractor and nontarget locations when the target feature repeated versus changed, whereas distractor interference was unaffected. These findings show that feature intertrial repetition influences attentional priority. They also clearly illustrate that distractor interference indexes the priority of the salient distractor relative to the nontarget it replaces, not relative to the target-a reinterpretation that has important implications for the field of attentional capture. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
先前的经验对搜索表现有很大的影响，而最近的注意力模型将选择历史作为注意力引导的重要来源之一。在这里，我们关注的是特征试验间启动，这是一种强大的效应，表明当一个独特的目标的特征在连续的试验中重复而不是变化时，对其的单一目标的反应要快得多。以前的研究表明，这种目标重复并不能可靠地减少显著干扰物所施加的干扰。这一发现表明，目标重复并没有增强目标相对于显著干扰物的竞争优势。因此，它挑战了试验间启动调节注意力优先级的观点。在这里，我们认为这种推断可能是错误的，因为将干扰物干扰解释为相对于目标来衡量显著干扰物的注意力优先级的指标是不正确的。为了更直接地衡量特征试验间启动对目标相对于显著干扰物和非目标的优先级的影响，我们使用了捕获-探针范式。在两个实验中，当目标特征重复而不是变化时，与显著干扰物和非目标位置相比，目标位置的探针报告增加，而干扰物干扰不受影响。这些发现表明，特征试验间重复会影响注意力优先级。它们还清楚地表明，干扰物干扰指标是显著干扰物相对于它所替代的非目标的优先级，而不是相对于目标的优先级——这一重新解释对注意力捕获领域具有重要意义。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
