Department of Neurology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Adv Neurobiol. 2023;31:195-210. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-26220-3_11.
Adult-onset idiopathic focal dystonias (AOIFD) are the most common type of dystonia. It has varied expression including multiple motor (depending on body part affected) and non-motor symptoms (psychiatric, cognitive and sensory). The motor symptoms are usually the main reason for presentation and are most often treated with botulinum toxin. However, non-motor symptoms are the main predictors of quality of life and should be addressed appropriately, as well as treating the motor disorder. Rather than considering AOIFD as a movement disorder, a syndromic approach should be taken, one that accommodates all the symptoms. Dysfunction of the collicular-pulvinar-amygdala axis, with the superior colliculus as a central node, can explain the diverse expression of this syndrome.
成人发作特发性局灶性肌张力障碍（AOIFD）是最常见的肌张力障碍类型。它的表现形式多种多样，包括多种运动（取决于受影响的身体部位）和非运动症状（精神、认知和感觉）。运动症状通常是就诊的主要原因，通常用肉毒杆菌毒素治疗。然而，非运动症状是生活质量的主要预测因素，应该得到适当的处理，同时还要治疗运动障碍。不应该将 AOIFD 视为一种运动障碍，而应该采用一种综合征方法来处理，该方法可以适应所有的症状。以中脑为中央节点的丘-被盖-杏仁核轴的功能障碍可以解释这种综合征的多种表现。
