Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
J Assist Reprod Genet. 2023 Jul;40(7):1509-1522. doi: 10.1007/s10815-023-02856-2. Epub 2023 Jun 20.
The endometrium is a dynamic tissue that undergoes extensive remodeling during the menstrual cycle and further gets modified during pregnancy. Different kinds of stem cells are reported in the endometrium. These include epithelial stem cells, endometrial mesenchymal stem cells, side population stem cells, and very small embryonic-like stem cells. Stem cells are also reported in the placenta which includes trophoblast stem cells, side population trophoblast stem cells, and placental mesenchymal stem cells. The endometrial and placental stem cells play a pivotal role in endometrial remodeling and placental vasculogenesis during pregnancy. The dysregulation of stem cell function is reported in various pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth. However, the mechanisms by which it does so are yet elusive. Herein, we review the current knowledge of the different type of stem cells involved in pregnancy initiation and also highlight how their improper functionality leads to pathological pregnancy.
子宫内膜是一种动态组织，在月经周期中经历广泛的重塑，在怀孕期间进一步发生改变。子宫内膜中报道了不同类型的干细胞。这些包括上皮干细胞、子宫内膜间充质干细胞、侧群干细胞和非常小的胚胎样干细胞。胎盘中也报道了干细胞，包括滋养层干细胞、侧群滋养层干细胞和胎盘间充质干细胞。子宫内膜和胎盘干细胞在怀孕期间的子宫内膜重塑和胎盘血管生成中起着关键作用。干细胞功能失调与子痫前期、胎儿生长受限和早产等各种妊娠并发症有关。然而，其作用机制尚不清楚。在此，我们综述了参与妊娠启动的不同类型干细胞的现有知识，并强调了它们功能不当如何导致病理性妊娠。
