Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Eva Mayr-Stihl Professorship for Forest Genetics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Animal Behavior Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, USA.
Primates. 2023 Sep;64(5):527-537. doi: 10.1007/s10329-023-01074-9. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
Sakis (genus Pithecia) are frugivorous primates with a preference for seeds that complete their diet with leaves and insects. Fruit pulp and seeds are known to have different nutritional characteristics that change during the process of ripening. The consumption of seeds can be an adaptation to changes in resource availability, as unripe seeds are a more steadily available resource than ripe pulp or young leaves. Here, we present the first study of the feeding ecology of monk sakis (Pithecia monachus). We investigated dietary composition and identified important feeding plants in a seasonally flooded forest within the Área de Conservación Regional Comunal Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo in Peruvian Amazonia. Throughout 20 months, we followed groups of monk sakis by foot and canoe and recorded 459 feeding events. Seeds were the most frequently consumed food item (49%), followed by pulp (mesocarp, pericarp or aril; 25%) and arthropods (22%). Leaves, bark, and flowers were ingested only sporadically. The importance of ripe seeds and arthropods in the diet of the monk sakis differed from other studies: we recorded the consumption of mostly ripe seeds and the share of arthropods was relatively high.
黑帽悬猴（Pithecia）是一种以果实为食的灵长类动物，它们特别喜欢吃种子，并以叶子和昆虫作为补充。众所周知，果肉和种子具有不同的营养特性，并且在成熟过程中会发生变化。食用种子可能是对资源可获得性变化的一种适应，因为未成熟的种子比成熟的果肉或嫩叶更稳定。本研究首次对僧面猴（Pithecia monachus）的食性进行了研究。我们在秘鲁亚马逊地区的 Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo 社区保护区域内的季节性洪水森林中，调查了僧面猴的饮食组成，并确定了重要的取食植物。在 20 个月的时间里，我们徒步和乘船跟踪了几组僧面猴，并记录了 459 次进食事件。种子是最常食用的食物（49%），其次是果肉（中果皮、外果皮或假种皮；25%）和节肢动物（22%）。叶子、树皮和花只是偶尔被食用。在僧面猴的饮食中，成熟种子和节肢动物的重要性与其他研究不同：我们记录了大部分成熟种子的食用情况，而且节肢动物的比例相对较高。
