Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, 590 Woody Hayes Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Austin E. Knowlton School of Architecture, The Ohio State University, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Oct 15;344:118370. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118370. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
Stormwater control measures (SCMs) are employed to reduce the multitude of deleterious impacts of urban runoff on receiving waters. Sediment accumulation in infiltration-based SCMs can clog these systems, resulting in lack of hydraulic function and reduced stormwater treatment efficacy. As such, pretreatment devices, such as forebays, filter strips, or catch basin sumps, are typically employed upstream of SCMs to remove sediment and prolong maintenance intervals. However, the tendency of SCMs to be retrofitted into space-constrained, ultra-urban areas makes including pretreatment technologies difficult. An alternative pretreatment device for green infrastructure SCMs was developed and tested in the laboratory; alterations were made to the standard curb and gutter, which is ubiquitous within urban environments, to increase the roughness of these surfaces. Roughness was added to the curb and/or gutter of mock road sections constructed of expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam using a computer numerical control (CNC) router. Twenty-one patterns with varying degrees of depth, shape, and spacing were implemented to trap sediment from simulated runoff; samples were collected upstream and downstream of the added roughness and analyzed for sediment removal and particle capture. Patterns which included added roughness in both the curb and gutter reduced total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations by up to 95% (median 85%) and reduced median d and d in runoff from 46.9 to 39.4 μm and 322 to 100 μm, respectively. Continued TSS removal was observed during repeated testing designed to simulate up to seven runoff events, indicating the potential for sustained sediment accumulation before the need for maintenance via regular street sweeping. With routine maintenance performed at appropriate intervals, these findings indicate that added roughness to curb and gutters could be utilized as a viable pretreatment technology for green infrastructure SCMs.
雨水控制措施 (SCM) 被用于减少城市径流对受纳水体的多种有害影响。基于渗透的 SCM 中的泥沙淤积会堵塞这些系统，导致水力功能丧失和雨水处理效果降低。因此，通常在 SCM 上游采用预处理设备，如前池、过滤带或截流井沉砂池，以去除泥沙并延长维护间隔。然而，SCM 倾向于被改造成空间有限、超城市化地区，这使得包括预处理技术变得困难。为绿色基础设施 SCM 开发并在实验室中测试了一种替代预处理设备；对标准路缘石和排水沟进行了改造，这些在城市环境中无处不在，以增加这些表面的粗糙度。通过计算机数控 (CNC) 路由器在由膨胀聚苯乙烯 (EPS) 泡沫制成的模拟道路段的路缘石和/或排水沟上增加了粗糙度。实施了 21 种具有不同深度、形状和间距的图案，以捕获模拟径流中的泥沙；在添加粗糙度的上游和下游收集样本，并对泥沙去除和颗粒捕获进行分析。包括路缘石和排水沟中增加粗糙度的图案可将总悬浮固体 (TSS) 浓度降低多达 95%（中位数 85%），并将径流水中的中位 d 和 d 分别从 46.9 降至 39.4 μm 和从 322 降至 100 μm。在旨在模拟多达 7 次径流事件的重复测试中观察到持续的 TSS 去除，表明在需要通过定期道路清扫进行维护之前，有潜力持续进行泥沙积累。通过在适当的间隔进行常规维护，这些发现表明，向路缘石和排水沟添加粗糙度可以用作绿色基础设施 SCM 的可行预处理技术。
