ABC 训练作为一种新的干预措施用于危险饮酒：两项原理验证随机先导研究。

ABC-training as a new intervention for hazardous alcohol drinking: Two proof-of-principle randomized pilot studies.

机构信息

Learning and Implicit Processes (LIP) Lab, Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT) Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Center for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Addiction. 2023 Nov;118(11):2141-2155. doi: 10.1111/add.16271. Epub 2023 Jun 22.

DOI:10.1111/add.16271

PMID:37349262

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

ABC-training is a new intervention to encourage health behavior change that targets the automatic activation of adaptive beliefs (i.e. automatic inferences). The aim of this proof-of-principle study was to test the effectiveness of web-based ABC-training to change outcome expectancies of alcohol drinking in a sample of hazardous drinkers.

DESIGN

One exploratory and one confirmatory experiment with two between-subject conditions (online ABC- and control-training) and assessments at baseline and 1 week later (after three sessions of training).

SETTING

Participants recruited on Prolific Academic completed the web-based study.

PARTICIPANTS

Adults with self-reported hazardous alcohol drinking (Experiment 1: 193 adults, United Kingdom, age mean = 46.7 years; Experiment 2: 282 adults, different nationalities, age mean = 38.3 years).

INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR

ABC-training involved completing an online task that required choosing personally relevant alternative behaviors to drinking alcohol in personally relevant antecedent contexts to attain personally important outcomes. Comparator was control-training, in which participants selected both the alternative behaviors and alcohol drinking an equal number of times. Training was completed at baseline, after 3 days and after 1 week.

MEASUREMENTS

Primary outcome was change in automatic and self-reported (negative/positive) outcome expectancies of alcohol drinking from baseline to after 1 week. Secondary outcomes were change in weekly alcohol consumption, self-efficacy, craving and motivation (and approach-alcohol associations in Experiment 1). Moderators were baseline outcome scores, motivation, age and alcohol dependency.

FINDINGS

Findings of this study are as follows: stronger increase in negative outcome expectancies after ABC- than control-training (Experiment 1: self-report, 95% confidence interval of difference scores (CI ) = [0.04, Inf]; automatic, CI = [0.01, Inf]; Experiment 2: self-report, CI = [0.16, Inf]; automatic, CI = [0.002, Inf]). Stronger reduction in self-reported positive outcome expectancies after ABC- than control-training (Experiment 1: CI = [-Inf, -0.01]; Experiment 2: CI = [-Inf, -0.21]) but mixed findings on automatic positive outcome expectancies (Experiment 1: CI = [-Inf, 0.02]; Experiment 2: CI = [-Inf, -0.001]).

CONCLUSIONS

ABC-training may change outcome expectancies of alcohol consumption, but testing of clinically relevant effects in other samples is warranted.

摘要

背景和目的

ABC 训练是一种新的干预措施，旨在鼓励健康行为改变，针对适应性信念的自动激活（即自动推理）。本原理验证研究的目的是测试基于网络的 ABC 训练在危险饮酒者样本中改变饮酒结果预期的有效性。

设计

一项探索性和一项验证性实验，有两个被试间条件（在线 ABC 训练和对照组训练），并在基线和 1 周后（经过三次训练后）进行评估。

地点

在 Prolific Academic 招募的参与者完成了这项基于网络的研究。

参与者

自我报告有危险饮酒行为的成年人（实验 1：193 名成年人，英国，年龄平均=46.7 岁；实验 2：282 名成年人，不同国籍，年龄平均=38.3 岁）。

干预和对照组

ABC 训练包括完成一项在线任务，要求参与者在个人相关的先行情境中选择个人相关的替代行为来达到个人重要的结果，以取代饮酒。对照组为控制训练，参与者在个人相关的先行情境中以相等的次数选择替代行为和饮酒。训练在基线、第 3 天和第 1 周完成。

测量

主要结果是从基线到 1 周后饮酒的自动和自我报告的（消极/积极）结果预期的变化。次要结果是每周饮酒量、自我效能感、渴望和动机的变化（以及实验 1 中的接近酒精的关联）。调节因素是基线结果得分、动机、年龄和酒精依赖。

发现

本研究的结果如下：ABC 训练后，消极结果预期的增加强于对照组（实验 1：自我报告，差值分数置信区间（CI）= [0.04，无穷大]；自动，CI= [0.01，无穷大]；实验 2：自我报告，CI= [0.16，无穷大]；自动，CI= [0.002，无穷大]）。ABC 训练后，自我报告的积极结果预期的减少强于对照组（实验 1：CI= [-无穷大，-0.01]；实验 2：CI= [-无穷大，-0.21]），但自动积极结果预期的发现则不一致（实验 1：CI= [-无穷大，0.02]；实验 2：CI= [-无穷大，-0.001]）。