Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh city, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Thong Nhat Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
PLoS One. 2023 Jun 23;18(6):e0286367. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286367. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a serious global communicable disease burden. Although COVID-19 and its policy responses have significantly influenced older adults, the impact of COVID-19 on depression in the older population is not fully understood. We aimed to investigate whether a history of COVID-19 infection and a decline in outdoor activities during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with depression among older adults in Vietnam. METHODS: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,004 outpatients (aged ≥60 years; mean age 70.8 ± 7.3 years; men, 33.0%) visiting three hospitals for a comprehensive geriatric assessment between November 2021 and July 2022. Depression over the past week was evaluated using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. History of COVID-19 infection and decline in outdoor activities were included as binary variables. We adjusted these two factors with sociodemographic and geriatric variables and comorbidities using a logistic regression analysis in separate models. RESULTS: A total of 156 participants (15.5%) experienced depression. The proportion of mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms was 14.1%, 44.9%, and 41.0%, respectively. In the multivariate model, decline in outdoor activities (odds ratio [OR] 17.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.15-32.2, p <0.001) and history of COVID-19 infection (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.28-3.84, p = 0.004) were associated with depression. Additionally, we found that age ≥ 75 years, female sex, being underweight, limitations in functional status, poor sleep quality, and stroke were associated with depression. Of the associated factors, decline in outdoor activities had a moderate strength of association with depression (r = 0.419), while each of the remaining factors had a weak strength of association. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 had a direct and indirect impact on depression in older adults, reflecting an association between both a history of COVID-19 infection and a decline in outdoor activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and depression in the older population.
背景： 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行造成了严重的全球传染病负担。尽管 COVID-19 及其政策应对措施对老年人产生了重大影响，但 COVID-19 对老年人群体中抑郁症的影响尚未完全了解。我们旨在研究 COVID-19 感染史和 COVID-19 大流行期间户外活动减少是否与越南老年人的抑郁症有关。
方法： 这是一项多中心横断面研究，共纳入 1004 名（年龄≥60 岁；平均年龄 70.8±7.3 岁；男性 33.0%）于 2021 年 11 月至 2022 年 7 月期间在三家医院进行全面老年评估的门诊患者。使用 15 项老年抑郁量表评估过去一周的抑郁情况。将 COVID-19 感染史和户外活动减少作为二分类变量。我们使用逻辑回归分析在单独的模型中，根据社会人口统计学和老年学变量以及合并症对这两个因素进行调整。
结果： 共有 156 名参与者（15.5%）出现抑郁症状。轻度、中度和重度抑郁症状的比例分别为 14.1%、44.9%和 41.0%。在多变量模型中，户外活动减少（比值比 [OR] 17.2，95%置信区间 [CI] 9.15-32.2，p<0.001）和 COVID-19 感染史（OR 2.22，95%CI 1.28-3.84，p=0.004）与抑郁有关。此外，我们发现年龄≥75 岁、女性、体重不足、功能状态受限、睡眠质量差和中风与抑郁有关。在相关因素中，户外活动减少与抑郁的关联程度中等（r=0.419），而其余每个因素的关联程度较弱。
结论： COVID-19 对老年人的抑郁有直接和间接的影响，反映了 COVID-19 感染史和 COVID-19 大流行期间户外活动减少与老年人群体中抑郁的关联。
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