Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Anesthesiology Department and Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2023 Nov-Dec;55(5):650-659. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2228784. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
Legal, scientific, and social landscapes for psychedelics are changing rapidly. Differences of opinion exist among key stakeholders regarding regulatory control, models of provisioning psychedelic therapy, and medicalization, decriminalization, and/or legalization policies. We assessed the policy preferences of people using psychedelics naturalistically ( = 1221) to understand how they aligned and differed with institutional entities and existing psychedelic policies. Three quarters of participants would support decriminalization and legalization. On average, participants strongly supported individuals being legally able to grow and possess psychedelic plants and/or fungi for personal consumption. Trends included more support for natural over synthetic substances, self-production and consumption over gifting, gifting over sales, and administration of psychedelics with therapeutic support than without therapeutic support. Participants were concerned about pharmaceutical-like policy models, including patents of natural and synthetic psychedelic compounds. Participants were mostly from the State of Michigan, though geographical differences were minor. Those who identified as a psychedelic guide, educator, or therapist had small yet extensive differences from those who did not. As psychedelic liberalization continues to advance, it is critical for policymakers to consider these preferences to ensure laws provide safe and equitable access to these substances and appropriate medical support for their use.
迷幻药的法律、科学和社会环境正在迅速变化。在监管控制、迷幻药治疗供应模式以及医学化、非刑罪化和/或合法化政策方面，主要利益相关者之间存在意见分歧。我们评估了自然使用迷幻药的人的政策偏好（=1221），以了解他们如何与机构实体和现有的迷幻药政策保持一致和不同。四分之三的参与者将支持非刑罪化和合法化。平均而言，参与者强烈支持个人合法地种植和拥有迷幻植物和/或真菌供个人消费。趋势包括对天然物质而非合成物质、自我生产和消费而非馈赠、馈赠而非销售、以及在有治疗支持的情况下而非没有治疗支持的情况下使用迷幻药的支持度更高。参与者担心类似药物的政策模式，包括天然和合成迷幻化合物的专利。参与者主要来自密歇根州，但地域差异很小。那些自认为是迷幻药指导者、教育者或治疗师的人，与那些没有自认为是迷幻药指导者、教育者或治疗师的人相比，差异虽小但却很广泛。随着迷幻药的自由化继续推进，政策制定者必须考虑这些偏好，以确保法律为这些物质提供安全和公平的获取途径，并为其使用提供适当的医疗支持。
