Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Jun 9;130(23):231902. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.231902.
We present the first calculations of the heavy flavor diffusion coefficient using lattice QCD with light dynamical quarks corresponding to a pion mass of around 320 MeV. For temperatures 195 MeV<T<352 MeV, the heavy quark spatial diffusion coefficient is found to be significantly smaller than previous quenched lattice QCD and recent phenomenological estimates. The result implies very fast hydrodynamization of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma created during ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision experiments.
我们首次使用轻动态夸克的格点 QCD 计算了重味扩散系数，该夸克对应的π介子质量约为 320 MeV。对于 195 MeV<T<352 MeV 的温度，我们发现重夸克空间扩散系数明显小于先前的淬火格点 QCD 和最近的唯象估计。该结果意味着在相对论重离子碰撞实验中产生的夸克-胶子等离子体中重夸克的热化非常迅速。
