Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2023 Sep;1878(5):188944. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188944. Epub 2023 Jun 24.
The Growth and Differential Factor 11 (GDF11) is a recently discovered representative of Transforming Growth Factor β superfamily. The highest expression of GDF11 is detected in the nervous system, bladder, seminal vesicles and muscles whereas the lowest in the testis, liver or breast. GDF11 role in physiology is still not clear. GDF11 is a crucial factor in embryogenesis, cell cycle control and apoptosis, inasmuch it mainly targets cell retain stemness features, managing to the cell differentiation and the maturation. GDF11 is entangled in lipid metabolism, inflammatory processes and aging. GDF11 is strongly related to carcinogenesis and its expression in tumors is intruded. GDF11 can promote cancer growth in the colon or inhibit the cell proliferation in breast cancer. The aberrated expression is probably allied with the impaired maturation. In this article we summarized an impact of GDF11 on the tumor cells and review the all attitudes connecting GDF11 with carcinogenesis.
生长分化因子 11（GDF11）是转化生长因子β超家族中最新发现的代表。GDF11 的最高表达检测到在神经系统、膀胱、精囊和肌肉，而在睾丸、肝脏或乳房中表达最低。GDF11 在生理学中的作用尚不清楚。GDF11 是胚胎发生、细胞周期控制和细胞凋亡的关键因素，因为它主要靶向细胞保持干性特征，管理细胞分化和成熟。GDF11 参与脂质代谢、炎症过程和衰老。GDF11 与肿瘤发生密切相关，其在肿瘤中的表达受到干扰。GDF11 可以促进结肠癌的生长或抑制乳腺癌中的细胞增殖。异常表达可能与成熟受损有关。本文总结了 GDF11 对肿瘤细胞的影响，并综述了 GDF11 与肿瘤发生相关的所有观点。
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