Wang Cixin, Havewala Mazneen, Fan Qingyue, Wang Qing, Bali Diksha
Department of Counseling, Higher Education, & Special Education, University of Maryland, College Park, USA.
Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Curr Psychol. 2023 Feb 25:1-14. doi: 10.1007/s12144-023-04290-0.
College students in the U.S. and China have faced significant challenges during COVID-19. Data were collected from 120 Amerian students ( = 19.48, = 1.30) and 119 Chinese students ( = 18.61, = 0.91) in November, 2019 and March, 2020 to examine risk and protective factors for mental health (depression, anxiety, life satisfaction) during the pandemic, and potential cultural and gender differences. Results indicated that the frequency and impact of COVID-19-related stressful life events predicted deterioration of mental health over time, while social connectedness before the pandemic buffered the negative impact of COVID-19 stressful life events on life satisfaction. Chinese students reported higher levels of social connectedness and larger impact of COVID-19-related stressful life events, but lower frequency of stressful life events than American students. Stressful life events and social connectedness predicted mental health outcomes similarly for Chinese and American students. Gender differences were identified. Females reported more stressful life events, higher levels of depression, anxiety and less life satisfaction during COVID-19 than males. In addition, the frequency of stressful life events had a stronger impact on depression and anxiety for females compared with males. It is important to implement prevention and intervention programs to promote social connections and wellbeing among college students, especially among female students.
美国和中国的大学生在新冠疫情期间面临了重大挑战。2019年11月和2020年3月从120名美国学生（平均年龄 = 19.48岁，标准差 = 1.30）和119名中国学生（平均年龄 = 18.61岁，标准差 = 0.91）中收集数据，以研究疫情期间心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、生活满意度）的风险和保护因素，以及潜在的文化和性别差异。结果表明，与新冠疫情相关的应激性生活事件的频率和影响预测了心理健康会随着时间推移而恶化，而疫情前的社会联系缓冲了新冠疫情应激性生活事件对生活满意度的负面影响。中国学生报告的社会联系水平更高，与新冠疫情相关的应激性生活事件的影响更大，但应激性生活事件的频率低于美国学生。应激性生活事件和社会联系对中国和美国学生心理健康结果的预测相似。发现了性别差异。女性报告在新冠疫情期间比男性有更多的应激性生活事件、更高水平的抑郁和焦虑以及更低的生活满意度。此外，应激性生活事件的频率对女性的抑郁和焦虑的影响比对男性更强。实施预防和干预项目以促进大学生尤其是女大学生的社会联系和幸福感很重要。
