Phase Equilibrium Studies in the Geothermal Energy Development: The Effect of Hydrogen Bond on the Multi-Component Fluid.

Geothermal energy has become an emerging resource with both large reserves and environmental friendliness and is playing an increasingly important role in the current energy transition progress. In this paper, a thermodynamically consistent flash model is developed to consider the effect of hydrogen bond on the phase equilibrium states of multi-component fluid to resolve the challenges of the special thermodynamic characteristic of water as the main working fluid. In order to provide practical suggestions to the industry, a number of possible effects have been investigated on the phase equilibrium states, including the hydrogen bond, environmental temperature, and fluid compositions. The calculated phase stability and phase splitting results can provide thermodynamic foundations for the establishment of the multi-component multi-phase flow model and also help optimize the development process to control the phase transitions for a number of engineering purposes.