Zhang Aiying, Yang Zhongjie, Zuo Yu, Ma Liang, Zhang Hanyu
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China.
Mineral Resources and Geological Survey Center, Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey, Xi'an, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jun 8;14:1214980. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1214980. eCollection 2023.
Over the past fifty years, the distribution patterns of C species, across large spatial scales, are largely ignored. Here, we endeavored to examine patterns in the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of species with C photosynthetic pathways across the broad spatial extent of China and relate those to climatic gradients. We built a database of all plants with the C photosynthetic pathway in China. We analyzed the geographic distributions, taxonomic diversity, phylogenetic diversity, and phylogenetic structure of all C species, as well as the three families with the most C species (Poaceae, Amaranthaceae and Cyperaceae), and compared their values along temperature and precipitation gradients at two scales-the level of the province and at the 100 x 100 km grid cell. We found 644 C plants (belonging to 23 families 165 genera) in China, with Poaceae (57%), Amaranthaceae (17%), Cyperaceae (13%) accounting for the majority of species. Standardized effect size values of phylogenetic distances were negative overall, indicating that C species showed a phylogenetic clustering pattern. Southern China had the highest species richness and the highest degree of phylogenetic clustering. C tended to be more phylogenetically over-dispersed in regions with colder and/or drier climates, but more clustered in warmer and/or wetter climates. Patterns within individual families were more nuanced. The distribution of C species and its phylogenetic structure across China was constrained by temperature and precipitation. C species showed a phylogenetic clustering pattern across China, while different families showed more nuanced responses to climate variation, suggesting a role for evolutionary history.
在过去的五十年里，C类物种在大空间尺度上的分布模式在很大程度上被忽视了。在这里，我们致力于研究在中国广阔空间范围内具有C光合途径的物种的分类和系统发育多样性模式，并将这些模式与气候梯度联系起来。我们建立了一个中国所有具有C光合途径植物的数据库。我们分析了所有C类物种以及C类物种数量最多的三个科（禾本科、苋科和莎草科）的地理分布、分类多样性、系统发育多样性和系统发育结构，并在省和100×100公里网格单元两个尺度上比较了它们沿温度和降水梯度的值。我们在中国发现了644种C类植物（隶属于23科165属），其中禾本科（57%）、苋科（17%）、莎草科（13%）占物种的大多数。系统发育距离的标准化效应大小值总体为负，表明C类物种呈现出系统发育聚类模式。中国南方物种丰富度最高，系统发育聚类程度也最高。在气候较冷和/或较干燥的地区，C类物种在系统发育上往往更加过度分散，但在气候较温暖和/或较湿润的地区则更加聚类。各个科内的模式更为细微。中国C类物种的分布及其系统发育结构受到温度和降水的限制。中国的C类物种呈现出系统发育聚类模式，而不同的科对气候变化表现出更为细微的响应，这表明进化历史起到了作用。
