Zaytoun G M, Shikhani A H, Salman S D
Laryngoscope. 1986 Aug;96(8):899-903.
Lebanon has witnessed over the past 10 years fierce outbreaks of violence resulting in heavy casualties. Head and neck injuries secondary to bullets, shrapnel, and/or glass were quite frequent: 1,357 injuries in 1,021 patients were taken care of by members of the Department of Otolaryngology between 1975 and 1984. They were distributed as follows: (Formula: see text). Fractures of the mandible were treated by closed reduction in 54% of cases and by open reduction in 46%; 74% healed well and 26% required secondary surgery. Primary repair of oral cavity injuries resulted in healing in 68% of cases; 32% had dehiscences or fistulae. In around one-third of the orbital injuries, the orbital contents herniated into the maxillary sinus, so orbital floor repairs had to be done with good results in 82% of cases. The nasal fractures were treated by closed reduction in 75% of cases and open reduction when the wound was open in the rest. The overall infection rate was 12%. The most common offending organisms were, in order of frequency, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli.
在过去十年间，黎巴嫩经历了激烈的暴力冲突，导致大量人员伤亡。由子弹、弹片和/或玻璃造成的头颈部损伤颇为常见：1975年至1984年间，耳鼻喉科医护人员共处理了1021名患者的1357处此类损伤。其分布情况如下：（公式：见正文）。下颌骨骨折54%的病例采用闭合复位治疗，46%采用切开复位；74%愈合良好，26%需要二次手术。口腔损伤一期修复68%的病例愈合；32%出现裂开或瘘管。约三分之一的眼眶损伤中，眶内容物疝入上颌窦，因此82%的病例进行眶底修复后效果良好。75%的鼻骨骨折病例采用闭合复位治疗，其余伤口开放的病例则采用切开复位。总体感染率为12%。最常见的致病微生物按频率依次为金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌。
