Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jingsu, 210037, China.
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jingsu, 210037, China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Oct;337:139329. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139329. Epub 2023 Jun 24.
Cadmium (Cd) and fenpyroximate are common soil contaminants found together in the field, but their combined toxicity to terrestrial invertebrates has not been studied. Therefore, earthworms Aporrectodea jassyensis and Eisenia fetida were exposed into Cd (5, 10, 50 and 100 μg/g) and fenpyroximate (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 μg/g) and their mixture, and multiple biomarker responses (mortality, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant activity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein content, weight loss and subcellular partitioning) were determined to estimate health status and mixture effect. MDA, SOD, TAC, and weight loss were significantly correlated with Cd in total internal and debris (p < 0.01). Fenpyroximate altered the subcellular distribution of Cd. It appears that maintaining Cd in a non-toxic form was the earthworms' primary Cd detoxification strategy. CAT activity was inhibited by Cd, fenpyroximate, and their combined presence. BRI values for all treatments indicated a major and severe alteration in earthworm's health. The combined toxicity of Cd and fenpyroximate was greater than the toxicity of either substance alone. According to EAI, all combined treatments exhibited a clear antagonistic effect. In general, the sensitivity of A. jassyensis was greater than that of E. fetida.
镉（Cd）和芬普尼是田间常见的土壤污染物，通常同时存在，但它们对陆地无脊椎动物的联合毒性尚未得到研究。因此，本研究选用赤子爱胜蚓（Aporrectodea jassyensis）和威廉环毛蚓（Eisenia fetida）暴露于镉（5、10、50 和 100μg/g）和芬普尼（0.1、0.5、1 和 1.5μg/g）及其混合物中，测定了多种生物标志物反应（死亡率、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、总抗氧化活性（TAC）、脂质过氧化（MDA）、蛋白质含量、体重损失和亚细胞分布），以评估健康状况和混合物的效应。MDA、SOD、TAC 和体重损失与总体内和残渣中的 Cd 呈显著相关（p<0.01）。芬普尼改变了 Cd 的亚细胞分布。似乎将 Cd 保持在无毒形式是蚯蚓的主要 Cd 解毒策略。Cd、芬普尼及其共同存在均抑制了 CAT 活性。所有处理的 BRI 值表明蚯蚓的健康状况发生了重大和严重的改变。Cd 和芬普尼的联合毒性大于任何单一物质的毒性。根据 EAI，所有联合处理均表现出明显的拮抗作用。总的来说，A. jassyensis 的敏感性大于 E. fetida。
