Łada-Maśko Ariadna Beata, Kaźmierczak Maria
Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2025 Jan;43(1):76-92. doi: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2230592. Epub 2023 Jun 27.
This study examined links between attachment styles and maturity to parenthood and its dimensions across different age groups of childless young adult couples. The role of developmental factors (age, assuming parental role) for maturity to parenthood was also investigated.
Relational and individual factors have both been confirmed to be crucial for the transition to parenthood. The concept of maturity to parenthood has been linked to individual values, personality traits, and close relationships. However, the question arises whether maturity to parenthood is related to one of the most crucial concepts in family psychology - attachment.
Three hundred heterosexual young adult couples aged 20-35 years ( = 26.20; = 3.63) took part. Couples were divided into three groups: 1) 110 couples aged 20-25 (emerging adulthood); 2) 90 couples aged 26-35 (young adulthood); and 3) 100 couples aged 20-35 expecting their first child (third trimester of pregnancy). The main questionnaires used were the Maturity to Parenthood Scale and Close Relationship Experience Scale.
The results indicated that the more avoidant couples had lower maturity to parenthood. A moderation effect of group (pregnancy) was also observed - the effect of attachment-related avoidance was weaker in expectant couples. Women presented higher overall and behavioural maturity to parenthood than men. Furthermore, higher life satisfaction were associated with greater maturity to parenthood.
Maturity to parenthood is also created in the dyadic context. When related to lower attachment avoidance, it might greatly facilitate transition to parenthood and future parent - child relations.
本研究探讨了无子女年轻成年夫妇不同年龄组的依恋风格与为人父母成熟度及其维度之间的联系。还研究了发展因素（年龄、承担父母角色）对为人父母成熟度的作用。
关系因素和个体因素均已被证实对向为人父母的转变至关重要。为人父母成熟度的概念与个体价值观、人格特质和亲密关系有关。然而，问题在于为人父母成熟度是否与家庭心理学中最关键的概念之一——依恋有关。
300对年龄在20 - 35岁的异性恋年轻成年夫妇（平均年龄 = 26.20；标准差 = 3.63）参与了研究。夫妇被分为三组：1）110对年龄在20 - 25岁的夫妇（成年初期）；2）90对年龄在26 - 35岁的夫妇（青年期）；3）100对年龄在20 - 35岁且怀有第一胎的夫妇（妊娠晚期）。主要使用的问卷是《为人父母成熟度量表》和《亲密关系体验量表》。
结果表明，回避型越强的夫妇为人父母成熟度越低。还观察到组（怀孕情况）的调节作用——依恋相关回避对怀孕夫妇的影响较弱。女性在总体和行为上的为人父母成熟度高于男性。此外，更高的生活满意度与更高的为人父母成熟度相关。
为人父母成熟度也是在二元关系背景中形成的。当与较低的依恋回避相关时，它可能极大地促进向为人父母的转变以及未来的亲子关系。
