Yu Xinglin, Tang Rui, Liu Tongxian, Qiu Baoli
Engineering Research Center of Biological Control Ministry of Education the People's Republic of China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Insects. 2023 May 25;14(6):496. doi: 10.3390/insects14060496.
Maternal effects can reduce offspring susceptibility to predators by altering resource allocation to young and reproducing larger offspring. While the perception of predation risk can vary according to a prey's life stage, it is unclear whether maternally experienced intraguild predation (IGP) risk during different life stages influences the maternal effects of predatory insects. We investigated the influence of exposure to intraguild predators ( (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)) during the larval and/or adult stages on reproductive decisions and offspring growth in (Fabricius). Independent of the life stage, when females experienced IGP risk, their body weight and fecundity decreased, but the proportion of trophic eggs produced increased. However, egg mass, egg clutch number, and egg clutch size were not influenced by the treatment. Next, when offspring encountered , mothers experiencing IGP risk during the larval and/or adult stages could increase their offspring's weight. Moreover, offspring in IGP environments reached a similar size as those with no-IGP environments when mothers experienced IGP risk during the larval and/or adult stages. Overall, larval and/or adult exposure to IGP risk had no influence on egg size, but increased offspring body size when faced with . Additionally, mothers experiencing IGP risk during different life stages showed increased production of trophic eggs. Because IGP is frequently observed on and favours relatively larger individuals, different stages of express threat-sensitively to IGP risk; inducing maternal effects can be an adaptive survival strategy to defend against .
母体效应可以通过改变对幼体的资源分配以及繁殖更大的后代来降低后代对捕食者的易感性。虽然捕食风险的感知可能因猎物的生命阶段而异，但尚不清楚在不同生命阶段母体所经历的种内捕食（IGP）风险是否会影响捕食性昆虫的母体效应。我们研究了在幼虫期和/或成虫期暴露于种内捕食者（七星瓢虫（Pallas）（鞘翅目：瓢虫科））对黄斑盘瓢虫（Fabricius）繁殖决策和后代生长的影响。与生命阶段无关，当黄斑盘瓢虫雌虫经历IGP风险时，它们的体重和繁殖力会下降，但营养卵的产生比例会增加。然而，卵的质量、卵块数量和卵块大小不受处理的影响。接下来，当后代遇到七星瓢虫时，在幼虫期和/或成虫期经历IGP风险的母亲能够增加其后代的体重。此外，当母亲在幼虫期和/或成虫期经历IGP风险时，处于IGP环境中的后代与无IGP环境中的后代大小相似。总体而言，黄斑盘瓢虫幼虫期和/或成虫期暴露于IGP风险对卵的大小没有影响，但在面对七星瓢虫时会增加后代的体型。此外，在不同生命阶段经历IGP风险的母亲所产营养卵的数量会增加。由于IGP在黄斑盘瓢虫中经常出现且有利于相对较大的个体，黄斑盘瓢虫的不同阶段对IGP风险表现出威胁敏感性；诱导母体效应可能是抵御七星瓢虫的一种适应性生存策略。
