Kostanyan Artak E, Voshkin Andrey A, Belova Vera V, Zakhodyaeva Yulia A
Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninskii pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Membranes (Basel). 2023 May 26;13(6):554. doi: 10.3390/membranes13060554.
This article is devoted to a brief review of the modelling of liquid membrane separation methods, such as emulsion, supported liquid membranes, film pertraction, and three-phase and multi-phase extraction. Mathematical models and comparative analyses of liquid membrane separations with different flow modes of contacting liquid phases are presented. A comparison of the processes of conventional and liquid membrane separations is carried out under the following assumptions: mass transfer is described by the traditional mass transfer equation; the equilibrium distribution coefficients of a component passing from one of the phases to another are constant. It is shown that, from the point of view of mass transfer driving forces, emulsion and film pertraction liquid membrane methods have advantages over the conventional conjugated extraction stripping method, when the mass-transfer efficiency of the extraction stage is significantly higher than the efficiency of the stripping stage. The comparison of the supported liquid membrane with conjugated extraction stripping showed that when mass-transfer rates on the extraction and stripping sides are different, the liquid membrane method is more efficient, while when they are equal to each other, both processes demonstrate the same results. The advantages and disadvantages of liquid membrane methods are discussed. The main disadvantages of liquid membrane methods-low throughput and complexity-can be overcome by using modified solvent extraction equipment to carry out liquid membrane separations.
本文致力于对液膜分离方法建模进行简要综述，这些方法包括乳状液膜、支撑液膜、膜萃取以及三相和多相萃取。文中给出了不同接触液相流动模式下液膜分离的数学模型及对比分析。在以下假设条件下对传统分离和液膜分离过程进行了比较：传质由传统传质方程描述；从一相转移到另一相的组分的平衡分配系数为常数。结果表明，从传质驱动力的角度来看，当萃取阶段的传质效率显著高于反萃阶段的效率时，乳状液膜和膜萃取液膜方法相对于传统的共轭萃取反萃方法具有优势。支撑液膜与共轭萃取反萃的比较表明，当萃取侧和反萃侧的传质速率不同时，液膜方法更高效，而当二者相等时，两种过程表现出相同的结果。文中还讨论了液膜方法的优缺点。液膜方法的主要缺点——通量低和复杂性高——可以通过使用改进的溶剂萃取设备来进行液膜分离加以克服。
