Hossain Mohammad Amzad, Chowdhury Toma, Chowdhury Gourab, Schneider Petra, Hussain Monayem, Das Bipresh, Iqbal Mohammed Mahbub
Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh.
Department for Water, Environment, Civil Engineering and Safety, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences, Breitscheidstraße 2, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany.
Toxics. 2023 May 23;11(6):475. doi: 10.3390/toxics11060475.
Pb is one of the most extensively used harmful heavy metals in Bangladesh, and its occurrence in waters affects aquatic organisms significantly. The tropical pearl mussel, was exposed to different concentrations (T 21.93 mgL, T 43.86 mgL, and T 87.72 mgL) of Pb(NO) and was evaluated against a control C 0 mgL of Pb(NO), followed by a 96 h acute toxicity test. The LC value was recorded as 219.32 mgL. The physicochemical parameters were documented regularly for each treatment unit. The values of % SGR, shell weight, soft tissue wet weight, and weight gain remained statistically higher for the control group in comparison with the treatment. No mortality was noted for control units, while a gradually decreased survival rate was recorded for the different treatment groups. Fulton's condition factor was recorded as highest in the control and lowest in the T unit, while the condition indices did not vary between the control and treatment groups. The hemocyte was accounted as maximum in the control and T, while minimum in T and T. The serum lysosomal parameters also followed a similar pattern, and a significantly low level of lysosomal membrane stability, and serum lysosome activity was noted for T and T units in comparison to the control group. The histology of the gill, kidney, and muscle was well structured in the control group, while distinct pathologies were observed in the gill, kidney, and muscle tissue of different treatment groups. The quantitative comparison revealed that the intensity of pathological alteration increased as the dosage of Pb increased. The current study, therefore, indicated that intrusion of Pb(NO) in the living medium significantly alters growth performance and hemocyte counts, and chronic toxicity induces histomorphological abnormalities in vital organs.
铅是孟加拉国使用最广泛的有害重金属之一，其在水体中的存在对水生生物有显著影响。将热带珍珠贻贝暴露于不同浓度（T 21.93毫克/升、T 43.86毫克/升和T 87.72毫克/升）的硝酸铅中，并与对照（C 0毫克/升硝酸铅）进行对比评估，随后进行96小时急性毒性试验。记录的半数致死浓度值为219.32毫克/升。定期记录每个处理单元的理化参数。与处理组相比，对照组的特定生长率百分比、壳重、软组织湿重和体重增加值在统计学上更高。对照组未观察到死亡情况，而不同处理组的存活率逐渐下降。富尔顿状况因子在对照组中记录为最高，在T组中最低，而状况指数在对照组和处理组之间没有差异。血细胞数量在对照组和T组中最多，在T组和T组中最少。血清溶酶体参数也呈现类似模式，与对照组相比，T组和T组的溶酶体膜稳定性和血清溶酶体活性显著较低。对照组鳃、肾脏和肌肉的组织学结构良好，而不同处理组的鳃、肾脏和肌肉组织观察到明显病变。定量比较显示，病理改变的强度随着铅剂量的增加而增加。因此，当前研究表明，硝酸铅侵入生活介质会显著改变生长性能和血细胞计数，慢性毒性会导致重要器官出现组织形态学异常。
