Resolution of gumma with steroid therapy.

Antibiotic usage has rendered neurosyphilis uncommon, and cerebral gummas are rare. Reduced awareness of cerebral gummas and abolition of serologic screening can delay diagnosis of this treatable disease. Diagnostic confusion between syphilitic and nonsyphilitic cerebral mass lesions can be increased by apparent resolution of a gumma during steroid therapy. Such an occurrence in a young woman emphasizes the need for serologic testing for syphilis in diagnosing cerebral mass lesions. A trial of conservative therapy using penicillin (with or without prednisone) should be considered for patients with intracerebral mass lesions and positive serologic findings.