Górska Aleksandra, Markiewicz-Gospodarek Agnieszka, Markiewicz Renata, Chilimoniuk Zuzanna, Borowski Bartosz, Trubalski Mateusz, Czarnek Katarzyna
Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 4 Jaczewskiego St., 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, 18 Szkolna St., 20-124 Lublin, Poland.
Brain Sci. 2023 Jun 5;13(6):911. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13060911.
Recent data on the distribution and influence of copper, zinc and cadmium in glial cells are summarized. This review also examines the relationship between those metals and their role in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which have become a great challenge for today's physicians. The studies suggest that among glial cells, iron has the highest concentration in oligodendrocytes, copper in astrocytes and zinc in the glia of hippocampus and cortex. Previous studies have shown neurotoxic effects of copper, iron and manganese, while zinc can have a bidirectional effect, i.e., neurotoxic but also neuroprotective effects depending on the dose and disease state. Recent data point to the association of metals with neurodegeneration through their role in the modulation of protein aggregation. Metals can accumulate in the brain with aging and may be associated with age-related diseases.
本文总结了近期关于铜、锌和镉在神经胶质细胞中的分布及影响的数据。本综述还探讨了这些金属之间的关系及其在神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、帕金森病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症）中的作用，这些疾病已成为当今医生面临的巨大挑战。研究表明，在神经胶质细胞中，少突胶质细胞中铁的浓度最高，星形胶质细胞中铜的浓度最高，海马体和皮质的神经胶质中锌的浓度最高。先前的研究已经表明铜、铁和锰具有神经毒性作用，而锌可能具有双向作用，即根据剂量和疾病状态，既具有神经毒性作用，也具有神经保护作用。近期数据表明，金属通过其在调节蛋白质聚集方面的作用与神经退行性变相关。随着年龄增长，金属可在大脑中蓄积，并可能与年龄相关疾病有关。
