Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Odontomatostologic Clinic, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Jun 12;14(6):1252. doi: 10.3390/genes14061252.
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the primary ligand of the receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) which is constitutively expressed or activated in myeloid, lymphoid (T, B and NK), normal epithelial cells, and cancer. The PD-1/PD-L1 interaction is crucial for the physiological development of immunological tolerance but also in the development of the cancer. Among these, malignant melanoma represents a tumour in which the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 is important to guide future therapeutic choices based on the presence/absence of expression. Various clones have been used over time for immunohistochemical determination, and different results and heterogeneity remain among the various studies in the literature. We perform a narrative review of the present studies in order to discuss and take stock of what certain achievements have been made in this field, what challenges remain, and what possible solutions can be found.
程序性死亡配体 1(PD-L1)是受体程序性死亡-1(PD-1)的主要配体,PD-1 在髓样细胞、淋巴样细胞(T、B 和 NK)、正常上皮细胞和癌症中持续表达或被激活。PD-1/PD-L1 相互作用对于免疫耐受的生理发育至关重要,但也与癌症的发展有关。其中,恶性黑色素瘤是一种肿瘤,其 PD-L1 的免疫组织化学表达对于基于表达的存在/不存在来指导未来的治疗选择很重要。随着时间的推移,已经使用了各种克隆进行免疫组织化学测定,并且在文献中的各种研究中,结果和异质性仍然存在差异。我们对目前的研究进行了叙述性综述,以便讨论并总结在这一领域取得了哪些成就,仍然存在哪些挑战,以及可以找到哪些可能的解决方案。