Department of Otolaryngology, Laryngological Oncology, Audiology and Phoniatrics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-725 Lodz, Poland.
Biomolecules. 2021 Jul 1;11(7):970. doi: 10.3390/biom11070970.
(1) Background: The interaction of the programmed death receptor (PD-1) with its ligand 1 (PD-L1) allows cancer cells to escape from the control of the immune system. Research evaluating the expression of immune checkpoint genes in the tissues of laryngeal tumors may contribute to the introduction of new effective immunotherapeutic methods in this group of neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the gene for the programmed death receptor (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) in laryngeal tumors (T1, T2, T3) in patients without lymph node involvement and distant metastases. (2) Methods: The study included 73 patients: 39 of them were diagnosed with carcinoma planoepiteliale keratodes (study group) and 34 with nasal septal deviation undergoing septoplasty (control group). Biological material for molecular tests (Real time PCR) was collected during surgical procedures. Furthermore, all study participants completed a questionnaire regarding, among others, smoking and body weight. (3) Results: Gene expression for programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) was, statistically, significantly higher ( < 0.0001) in tumor tissue than in unchanged mucosa. Moreover, it was found that the greater the tumor size, the higher the expression level of the tested molecules. (4) Conclusions: Although further research on the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in laryngeal tumors is necessary, the presented reports are promising and may constitute a contribution to considerations on the introduction of targeted immunotherapy with anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of these tumors.
(1) 背景：程序性死亡受体（PD-1）与其配体 1（PD-L1）的相互作用使癌细胞能够逃脱免疫系统的控制。评估喉肿瘤组织中免疫检查点基因的表达可能有助于在这组肿瘤中引入新的有效的免疫治疗方法。本研究旨在评估无淋巴结受累和远处转移的喉肿瘤（T1、T2、T3）患者中程序性死亡受体（PD-1）及其配体（PD-L1）基因的表达。
(2) 方法：该研究纳入了 73 名患者：其中 39 名被诊断为角化性扁平上皮癌（研究组），34 名因鼻中隔偏曲而行鼻中隔成形术（对照组）。在手术过程中收集用于分子检测（实时 PCR）的生物材料。此外，所有研究参与者都填写了一份问卷，其中包括吸烟和体重等信息。
(3) 结果：程序性死亡受体 1（PD-1）和其配体 1（PD-L1）基因的表达在肿瘤组织中明显高于未改变的粘膜（<0.0001）。此外，还发现肿瘤越大，测试分子的表达水平越高。
(4) 结论：尽管需要进一步研究 PD-1/PD-L1 通路在喉肿瘤中的作用，但目前的研究结果很有前景，可能为考虑在这些肿瘤的治疗中引入抗 PD1 和抗 PD-L1 单克隆抗体的靶向免疫治疗提供依据。
