Liver and Gastrointestinal Transplant Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil.
LADAF, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 17;24(12):10264. doi: 10.3390/ijms241210264.
Nutraceuticals are bioactive compounds present in foods, utilized to ameliorate health, prevent diseases, and support the proper functioning of the human body. They have gained attention due to their ability to hit multiple targets and act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and modulators of immune response and cell death. Therefore, nutraceuticals are being studied to prevent and treat liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). This study evaluated the effect of a nutraceutical solution formed by resveratrol, quercetin, omega-3 fatty acid, selenium, ginger, avocado, leucine, and niacin on liver IRI. IRI was performed with 60 min of ischemia and 4 h of reperfusion in male Wistar rats. Afterward, the animals were euthanized to study hepatocellular injury, cytokines, oxidative stress, gene expression of apoptosis-related genes, TNF-α and caspase-3 proteins, and histology. Our results show that the nutraceutical solution was able to decrease apoptosis and histologic injury. The suggested mechanisms of action are a reduction in gene expression and the caspase-3 protein and a reduction in the TNF-α protein in liver tissue. The nutraceutical solution was unable to decrease transaminases and cytokines. These findings suggest that the nutraceuticals used favored the protection of hepatocytes, and their combination represents a promising therapeutic proposal against liver IRI.
营养保健品是存在于食物中的生物活性化合物,用于改善健康、预防疾病和支持人体的正常功能。它们之所以受到关注,是因为它们能够针对多个靶点发挥作用,具有抗氧化、抗炎、调节免疫反应和细胞死亡的作用。因此,营养保健品正被用于研究预防和治疗肝缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)。本研究评估了由白藜芦醇、槲皮素、ω-3 脂肪酸、硒、姜、鳄梨、亮氨酸和烟酸组成的营养保健品溶液对肝 IRI 的影响。IRI 通过 60 分钟缺血和 4 小时再灌注在雄性 Wistar 大鼠中进行。之后,处死动物以研究肝细胞损伤、细胞因子、氧化应激、与细胞凋亡相关基因的基因表达、TNF-α 和 caspase-3 蛋白以及组织学。我们的结果表明,营养保健品溶液能够减少细胞凋亡和组织学损伤。其作用机制可能是降低肝组织中基因表达和 caspase-3 蛋白的表达,以及降低 TNF-α 蛋白的表达。营养保健品溶液不能降低转氨酶和细胞因子。这些发现表明,所用的营养保健品有利于保护肝细胞,它们的组合代表了一种有前途的治疗肝 IRI 的方法。
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