Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Radiology I Unit, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jun 14;59(6):1144. doi: 10.3390/medicina59061144.
At the time of diagnosis, the vast majority of prostate carcinoma patients have a clinically localized form of the disease, with most of them presenting with low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer. In this setting, various curative-intent alternatives are available, including surgery, external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy can be considered as a valid alternative strategy for localized prostate cancer. High-dose-rate brachytherapy can be administered according to different schedules. Proton beam radiotherapy represents a promising strategy, but further studies are needed to make it more affordable and accessible. At the moment, new technologies such as MRI-guided radiotherapy remain in early stages, but their potential abilities are very promising.
在诊断时，绝大多数前列腺癌患者都处于临床局限性疾病阶段，其中大多数患者患有低危或中危前列腺癌。在这种情况下，有多种根治性替代治疗方法可供选择，包括手术、外照射放疗和近距离放疗。随机临床试验表明，中度低分割放疗可作为局限性前列腺癌的一种有效替代策略。高剂量率近距离放疗可根据不同方案进行。质子束放疗是一种很有前途的策略，但需要进一步研究使其更经济实惠和更易获得。目前，像磁共振引导放疗等新技术仍处于早期阶段，但它们的潜在能力非常有前途。
