Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 Aug;50(8):6987-6996. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08574-3. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) suffer from oral complications related to oral infections, periodontal diseases, and endodontic lesions. Emerging evidence has revealed the contribution of the epigenetic process as the underlying mechanism of DM complications. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are epigenetic regulators that directly affect gene expression. The present review elaborated on the role of epigenetic dysregulation in the etiology of diabetes-related periodontal and endodontic diseases. The narrative review study was prepared using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus. The formation of glycation products as a result of hyperglycemic condition increases oxidative stress, and elevates chronic inflammatory mediators that could in turn adversely change the cellular environment and alter the epigenetic status. This process contributes to the alteration of regulatory genes expression, leading to the development of diabetes-induced bone complications and impaired odontogenic capacity of pulp. Indeed, epigenetic mechanisms mediate the interaction between gene expression and DM cellular environment. Further investigations on epigenetic factors involved in DM oral complications may provide novel therapeutic targets.
糖尿病（DM）患者会遭受与口腔感染、牙周病和牙髓病变相关的口腔并发症。新出现的证据揭示了表观遗传过程作为 DM 并发症的潜在机制的作用。DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码 RNA 是直接影响基因表达的表观遗传调节剂。本综述详细阐述了表观遗传失调在与糖尿病相关的牙周和牙髓疾病病因学中的作用。使用 PubMed、Google Scholar、Science Direct 和 Scopus 等数据库编写了叙述性综述研究。高血糖状态下糖化产物的形成会增加氧化应激，并升高慢性炎症介质，这反过来又会不利地改变细胞环境并改变表观遗传状态。这一过程导致调节基因表达的改变，导致糖尿病引起的骨并发症和牙髓的成牙能力受损。实际上，表观遗传机制介导了基因表达与 DM 细胞环境之间的相互作用。对涉及 DM 口腔并发症的表观遗传因素的进一步研究可能提供新的治疗靶点。
