Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Jun 1;6(6):e2321065. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.21065.
It remains controversial whether adhering to a vegan diet may be associated with a higher prevalence of disordered eating. Also, main food choice motives and their association with disordered eating in this population are still unknown.
To determine the association between disordered eating attitudes and food choice motives of individuals who follow a vegan diet.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This is a cross-sectional online survey conducted between September 2021 and January 2023. Individuals of both sexes, aged 18 years or older, following a vegan diet for at least 6 months, currently living in Brazil were recruited through advertisements on social media.
Adherence to a vegan diet and food choice motives.
Disordered eating attitudes and food choice motives.
Nine hundred seventy-one participants completed the online survey. Median (IQR) age and BMI of participants was 29 (24-36) years and 22.6 (20.3-24.9), respectively, and 800 participants (82.4%) were female. Most participants (908 respondents [94%]) were categorized with the lowest level of disturbed eating attitudes. "Need and hunger," "liking," "health," "habits," and "natural concerns" were the most important food choice motives in this population, while "affect regulation," "social norms," and "social image" were the less important ones. Adjusted models showed that "liking," "need and hunger," and "health" were associated with lower levels of disordered eating attitudes, while "price," "pleasure," "sociability," "traditional eating," "visual appeal," "social norms," "social image," "weight control," and "affect regulation" were associated with higher levels of disordered eating attitudes.
In this cross-sectional study, as opposed to previous suggestions, levels of disordered eating were very low among vegans, although certain food choice motives were associated with disordered eating attitudes. Understanding the motivations of adhering to diets that may impose restrictions, which include vegan diets, may help tailor interventions focused on promoting healthy eating and preventing or treating disordered eating.
遵循纯素饮食是否与饮食失调的高发率相关，这一点仍存在争议。此外，该人群的主要食物选择动机及其与饮食失调的关系尚不清楚。
确定遵循纯素饮食的个体的饮食失调态度与食物选择动机之间的关系。
设计、设置和参与者：这是一项在 2021 年 9 月至 2023 年 1 月期间进行的横断面在线调查。招募了来自巴西的男女两性、年龄在 18 岁及以上、至少遵循纯素饮食 6 个月的参与者。通过社交媒体上的广告进行招募。
遵循纯素饮食和食物选择动机。
饮食失调态度和食物选择动机。
971 名参与者完成了在线调查。参与者的中位（IQR）年龄和 BMI 分别为 29（24-36）岁和 22.6（20.3-24.9），800 名参与者（82.4%）为女性。大多数参与者（908 名参与者[94%]）的饮食失调态度处于最低水平。“需求和饥饿”、“喜欢”、“健康”、“习惯”和“天然关注”是该人群中最重要的食物选择动机，而“情绪调节”、“社会规范”和“社会形象”则不太重要。调整后的模型显示，“喜欢”、“需求和饥饿”和“健康”与较低水平的饮食失调态度相关，而“价格”、“愉悦”、“社交性”、“传统饮食”、“视觉吸引力”、“社会规范”、“社会形象”、“体重控制”和“情绪调节”与较高水平的饮食失调态度相关。
在这项横断面研究中，与之前的建议相反，素食者的饮食失调水平非常低，尽管某些食物选择动机与饮食失调态度相关。了解可能限制饮食的动机，包括纯素饮食，可能有助于制定干预措施，以促进健康饮食和预防或治疗饮食失调。
