Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan, Utrecht 3584 CS, The Netherlands.
J Cell Sci. 2023 Jul 1;136(13). doi: 10.1242/jcs.260520. Epub 2023 Jun 30.
Cell division involves separating the genetic material and cytoplasm of a mother cell into two daughter cells. The last step of cell division, abscission, consists of cutting the cytoplasmic bridge, a microtubule-rich membranous tube connecting the two cells, which contains the midbody, a dense proteinaceous structure. Canonically, abscission occurs 1-3 h after anaphase. However, in certain cases, abscission can be severely delayed or incomplete. Abscission delays can be caused by mitotic defects that activate the abscission 'NoCut' checkpoint in tumor cells, as well as when cells exert abnormally strong pulling forces on the bridge. Delayed abscission can also occur during normal organism development. Here, we compare the mechanisms triggering delayed and incomplete abscission in healthy and disease scenarios. We propose that NoCut is not a bona fide cell cycle checkpoint, but a general mechanism that can control the dynamics of abscission in multiple contexts.
细胞分裂涉及将母细胞的遗传物质和细胞质分离成两个子细胞。细胞分裂的最后一步是胞质分离，包括切断细胞质桥，这是一种连接两个细胞的富含微管的膜管状结构，其中包含着中体，一种密集的蛋白质结构。通常，胞质分离发生在后期 1-3 小时后。然而，在某些情况下，胞质分离可能会严重延迟或不完全。胞质分离的延迟可能是由于有丝分裂缺陷激活了肿瘤细胞中的胞质分离“无切割”检查点，以及当细胞对桥施加异常强的拉力时引起的。在正常的生物体发育过程中，也会发生胞质分离延迟。在这里，我们比较了在健康和疾病情况下触发延迟和不完全胞质分离的机制。我们提出，NoCut 不是真正的细胞周期检查点，而是一种可以控制多个情况下胞质分离动力学的一般机制。
