Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Sport, Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), Pretoria, South Africa.
Clin J Sport Med. 2023 Nov 1;33(6):603-610. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000001166. Epub 2023 Jun 30.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common running-related injury. Independent risk factors associated with PFPS have not been described in a large cohort of distance runners.
Descriptive, cross-sectional study.
21.1 and 56 km Two Oceans Marathon races (2012-2015).
60 997 race entrants.
Participants completed a compulsory prerace medical screening questionnaire (history of PFPS in the past 12 months, n = 362; no injury history, n = 60 635). Selected risk factors associated with a history of PFPS were explored using univariate & multivariate analyses: demographics, training/running variables, history of chronic diseases (composite chronic disease score), and any allergy.
Prevalence ratios (PRs, 95% confidence intervals).
Risk factors associated with PFPS (univariate analysis) were increased years of recreational running (PR = 1.09; P = 0.0107), older age (>50 years), and chronic diseases (PR > 2): gastrointestinal disease (PR = 5.06; P < 0.0001), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (PR = 3.28; P < 0.0001), nervous system/psychiatric disease (PR = 3.04; P < 0.0001), cancer (PR = 2.83; P = 0.0005), risk factors for CVD (PR = 2.42; P < 0.0001), symptoms of CVD (PR = 2.38; P = 0.0397), and respiratory disease (PR = 2.00; P < 0.0001). Independent risk factors (multivariate analysis) associated with PFPS (adjusted for age, sex, and race distance) were a higher chronic disease composite score (PR = 2.68 increased risk for every 2 additional chronic diseases; P < 0.0001) and a history of allergies (PR = 2.33; P < 0.0001).
Novel independent risk factors associated with PFPS in distance runners are a history of multiple chronic diseases and a history of allergies. Identification of chronic diseases and allergies should be considered as part of the clinical assessment of a runner presenting with a history of PFPS.
髌股疼痛综合征（PFPS）是一种常见的与跑步相关的损伤。在大量长跑运动员中，尚未描述与 PFPS 相关的独立危险因素。
描述性、横断面研究。
21.1 公里和 56 公里双海洋马拉松比赛（2012-2015 年）。
60997 名参赛选手。
参赛选手完成了强制性的赛前医疗筛查问卷（过去 12 个月内有 PFPS 病史，n=362；无损伤病史，n=60635）。使用单变量和多变量分析探讨了与 PFPS 病史相关的选定危险因素：人口统计学、训练/跑步变量、慢性疾病史（复合慢性疾病评分）和任何过敏史。
患病率比（PR，95%置信区间）。
与 PFPS 相关的危险因素（单变量分析）包括：休闲跑步年限增加（PR=1.09；P=0.0107）、年龄较大（>50 岁）和慢性疾病（PR>2）：胃肠道疾病（PR=5.06；P<0.0001）、心血管疾病（CVD）（PR=3.28；P<0.0001）、神经系统/精神疾病（PR=3.04；P<0.0001）、癌症（PR=2.83；P=0.0005）、CVD 风险因素（PR=2.42；P<0.0001）、CVD 症状（PR=2.38；P=0.0397）和呼吸系统疾病（PR=2.00；P<0.0001）。与 PFPS 相关的独立危险因素（多变量分析）（调整年龄、性别和跑步距离）为慢性疾病综合评分较高（PR=2.68，每增加 2 种慢性疾病风险增加 26%；P<0.0001）和过敏史（PR=2.33；P<0.0001）。
与长跑运动员 PFPS 相关的新的独立危险因素是多种慢性疾病史和过敏史。在出现 PFPS 病史的跑步者的临床评估中，应考虑到慢性疾病和过敏的识别。
