Regenerative Medicine Group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
Regenerative Medicine Group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Physical Activity and Health Promotion, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Sep;165:115078. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115078. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
Physical exercise has beneficial effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and cognitive processes, including learning. Although it is not known if anaerobic resistance training and high-intensity interval training, which involve alternating brief bouts of highly intense anaerobic activity with rest periods, have comparable effects on AHN. Also, while less thoroughly investigated, individual genetic diversity in the overall response to physical activity is likely to play a key role in the effects of exercise on AHN. Physical exercise has been shown to improve health on average, although the benefits may vary from person to person, perhaps due to genetic differences. Maximal aerobic capacity and metabolic health may improve significantly with aerobic exercise for some people, while the same amount of training may have little effect on others. This review discusses the AHN's capability for peripheral nervous system (PNS) regeneration and central nervous system (CNS) control via physical exercise. Exercise neurogenicity, effective genes, growth factors, and the neurotrophic factors involved in PNS regeneration and CNS control were discussed. Also, some disorders that could be affected by AHN and physical exercise are summarized.
体育锻炼对成人海马神经发生（AHN）和认知过程（包括学习）有有益的影响。虽然尚不清楚无氧抗阻训练和高强度间歇训练是否对 AHN 有类似的影响，无氧抗阻训练和高强度间歇训练涉及交替进行短暂的高强度无氧活动和休息期。此外，尽管研究得不够深入，但个体对体育活动的整体反应的遗传多样性很可能在运动对 AHN 的影响中起关键作用。体育锻炼平均来说可以改善健康状况，尽管好处可能因人而异，这可能是由于遗传差异造成的。对于某些人来说，有氧运动可以显著提高最大有氧能力和代谢健康，而同样的训练量对其他人可能几乎没有影响。这篇综述讨论了通过体育锻炼 AHN 对周围神经系统（PNS）再生和中枢神经系统（CNS）控制的能力。讨论了运动神经发生、有效基因、生长因子以及参与 PNS 再生和 CNS 控制的神经营养因子。此外，还总结了一些可能受 AHN 和体育锻炼影响的疾病。
