Center for Medical Physics and BME, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Center for Medical Physics and BME, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Brain Stimul. 2023 Jul-Aug;16(4):1062-1071. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.06.014. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
"Wernicke's area" is most often used to describe the posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG) and refers to a region traditionally thought to support language comprehension. However, the posterior STG additionally plays a critical role in language production. The purpose of the current study was to determine to what extent regions within the posterior STG are selectively recruited during language production.
23 healthy right-handed participants completed an auditory fMRI localizer task, resting-state fMRI and underwent neuronavigated TMS language mapping. We applied repetitive TMS bursts during a picture naming paradigm to probe speech disruptions of different categories (anomia, speech arrest, semantic paraphasia and phonological paraphasia). We combined an in-house built high precision stimulation software suite with E-field modeling to map the naming errors to cortical regions and revealed a dissociation of language functions within the temporal gyrus. Resting state fMRI was used to explain how E-field peaks of different categories differentially affected language production.
Peaks for phonological and semantic errors were found in the STG while those for anomia and speech arrest were located in the MTG. Seed-based connectivity analysis revealed a local connectivity pattern for phonological and semantic errors, while anomia and speech arrest seeds resulted in a larger network between IFG and posterior MTG.
Our study provides important insights into the functional neuroanatomy of language production and might help to increase the current understanding of specific language production difficulties on a causal level.
“韦尼克区”通常用于描述后上颞回（STG），指的是一个传统上被认为支持语言理解的区域。然而，后 STG 在语言产生中也起着至关重要的作用。本研究的目的是确定在语言产生过程中，后 STG 内的区域在多大程度上被选择性地招募。
23 名健康的右利手参与者完成了听觉 fMRI 定位任务、静息状态 fMRI，并接受了神经导航 TMS 语言映射。我们在图片命名范式中应用重复 TMS 爆发，以探测不同类别的言语障碍（命名障碍、言语阻滞、语义错语和语音错语）。我们将内部构建的高精度刺激软件套件与 E 场建模相结合，将命名错误映射到皮质区域，并揭示了颞叶内语言功能的分离。静息状态 fMRI 用于解释不同类别的 E 场峰值如何不同地影响语言产生。
语音和语义错误的峰值位于 STG 中，而命名障碍和言语阻滞的峰值位于 MTG 中。基于种子的连通性分析显示，语音和语义错误的种子存在局部连通模式，而命名障碍和言语阻滞的种子则导致 IFG 和后 MTG 之间的更大网络。
我们的研究为语言产生的功能神经解剖学提供了重要的见解，并可能有助于在因果水平上增加对特定语言产生困难的理解。
