在 CD7 基因座插入 EF1α 驱动的 CD7 特异性 CAR 可减少自相残杀并增强肿瘤排斥。

Inserting EF1α-driven CD7-specific CAR at CD7 locus reduces fratricide and enhances tumor rejection.

机构信息

Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.

出版信息

Leukemia. 2023 Aug;37(8):1660-1670. doi: 10.1038/s41375-023-01948-3. Epub 2023 Jun 30.

Abstract

CAR-T therapies to treat T-cell malignancies face unique hurdles. Normal and malignant T cells usually express the same target for CAR, leading to fratricide. CAR-T cells targeting CD7, which is expressed in various malignant T cells, have limited expansion due to fratricide. Using CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout CD7 can reduce the fratricide. Here we developed a 2-in-1 strategy to insert EF1α-driven CD7-specific CAR at the disrupted CD7 locus and compared it to two other known strategies: one was random integration of CAR by a retrovirus and the other was site-specific integration at T-cell receptor alpha constant (TRAC) locus, both in the context of CD7 disruption. All three types of CD7 CAR-T cells with reduced fratricide could expand well and displayed potent cytotoxicity to both CD7 tumor cell lines and patient-derived primary tumors. Moreover, EF1α-driven CAR expressed at the CD7 locus enhances tumor rejection in a mouse xenograft model of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), suggesting great clinical application potential. Additionally, this 2-in-1 strategy was adopted to generate CD7-specific CAR-NK cells as NK also expresses CD7, which would prevent contamination from malignant cells. Thus, our synchronized antigen-knockout CAR-knockin strategy could reduce the fratricide and enhance anti-tumor activity, advancing clinical CAR-T treatment of T-cell malignancies.

摘要

嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞(CAR-T)疗法在治疗 T 细胞恶性肿瘤时面临独特的挑战。正常和恶性 T 细胞通常表达相同的 CAR 靶点,导致自相残杀。靶向 CD7 的 CAR-T 细胞,由于自相残杀,其扩增受到限制。使用 CRISPR/Cas9 敲除 CD7 可以减少自相残杀。在这里,我们开发了一种 2-in-1 策略,即在破坏的 CD7 基因座处插入 EF1α 驱动的 CD7 特异性 CAR,并将其与另外两种已知策略进行比较:一种是通过逆转录病毒随机整合 CAR,另一种是在 T 细胞受体 alpha 恒定(TRAC)基因座进行特异性整合,这两种策略都是在破坏 CD7 的背景下进行的。所有三种类型的 CD7 CAR-T 细胞都减少了自相残杀,能够很好地扩增,并对 CD7 肿瘤细胞系和患者来源的原发性肿瘤显示出强大的细胞毒性。此外,在 CD7 基因座表达的 EF1α 驱动的 CAR 增强了 T 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)小鼠异种移植模型中的肿瘤排斥反应,表明其具有巨大的临床应用潜力。此外,该 2-in-1 策略被用于产生 CD7 特异性 CAR-NK 细胞,因为 NK 也表达 CD7,这将防止恶性细胞的污染。因此,我们的同步抗原敲除 CAR 敲入策略可以减少自相残杀并增强抗肿瘤活性,推进 T 细胞恶性肿瘤的临床 CAR-T 治疗。

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