利用社会和非社会情境刺激恢复可卡因觅求行为。
Renewal of cocaine seeking using social and nonsocial contextual stimuli.
作者信息
Humburg Bree A, Bardo Michael T
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Biomedical Biological Science Research Building, Room 447, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA.
出版信息
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2025 May;242(5):945-953. doi: 10.1007/s00213-023-06414-7. Epub 2023 Jul 1.
RATIONALE
Various nonsocial cues have been used as stimuli to examine the contextual control of drug seeking behavior, but little is known about the role of social stimuli.
OBJECTIVES
This study determined if renewal of cocaine seeking is differentially controlled using a context consisting of either a social peer and/or house light illumination.
METHODS
In Experiment 1, male and female rats trained to self-administer cocaine in the presence of a same-sex social peer and house light illumination (context A). Following self-administration, rats were randomly assigned to either an AAA (control) or ABA (renewal) group for extinction. For AAA rats, extinction consisted of the same context A as self-administration; for ABA rats, extinction occurred without the peer or house light (context B). Following extinction, renewal of cocaine seeking occurred by testing the peer alone, house light alone, and the peer + house light combination. Experiment 2 was conducted to ensure that the house light alone was sufficiently salient to produce renewal.
RESULTS
Both experiments showed that rats acquired cocaine self-administration and extinguished lever pressing. In Experiment 1, the ABA group renewed cocaine seeking to the peer and peer + house light, but not to the house light alone. In Experiment 2, ABA rats renewed cocaine seeking to the house light alone, indicating it was sufficiently salient to produce renewal. The AAA group did not show renewal in either experiment.
CONCLUSION
Social peers serve as powerful stimuli that can overshadow nonsocial visual stimuli in the renewal of cocaine seeking.
原理
各种非社会线索已被用作刺激因素来检验药物寻求行为的情境控制，但对于社会刺激因素的作用却知之甚少。
目的
本研究确定了使用由同性社会同伴和/或室内灯光照明组成的情境，可卡因寻求行为的恢复是否受到不同的控制。
方法
在实验1中，雄性和雌性大鼠在有同性社会同伴和室内灯光照明的情况下（情境A）接受可卡因自我给药训练。自我给药后，大鼠被随机分配到AAA（对照）或ABA（恢复）组进行消退训练。对于AAA组大鼠，消退训练与自我给药时的情境A相同；对于ABA组大鼠，消退训练是在没有同伴或室内灯光的情况下进行（情境B）。消退训练后，通过单独测试同伴、单独测试室内灯光以及同伴+室内灯光组合来观察可卡因寻求行为的恢复情况。进行实验2以确保单独的室内灯光足以显著引发恢复。
结果
两个实验均表明大鼠习得可卡因自我给药行为并停止了杠杆按压。在实验1中，ABA组大鼠对同伴和同伴+室内灯光恢复了可卡因寻求行为，但对单独的室内灯光没有恢复。在实验2中，ABA组大鼠对单独的室内灯光恢复了可卡因寻求行为，表明其足以显著引发恢复。AAA组在两个实验中均未表现出恢复。
结论
社会同伴是强大的刺激因素，在可卡因寻求行为的恢复中，能够掩盖非社会视觉刺激因素。
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