Center for Translational Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.
Department of Biochemistry, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, United Kingdom; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, UK.
Curr Opin Virol. 2023 Aug;61:101339. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101339. Epub 2023 Jun 29.
The filovirus vaccine and the therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) research have made substantial progress. However, existing vaccines and mAbs approved for use in humans are specific to Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV). Since other Ebolavirus species are a continuing threat to public health, the search for broadly protective mAbs has drawn attention. Here, we review viral glycoprotein-targeting mAbs that have proved their broader protective efficacy in animal models. MBP134, the most advanced of these new-generation mAb therapies, has recently been deployed in Uganda during the Sudan ebolavirus outbreak. Furthermore, we discuss the measures associated with enhancing antibody therapies and the risks associated with them, including the rise of escape mutations following the mAb treatment and naturally occurring EBOV variants.
丝状病毒疫苗和治疗性单克隆抗体（mAb）研究取得了重大进展。然而，现有的已获准用于人类的疫苗和 mAb 仅针对扎伊尔埃博拉病毒（EBOV）。由于其他埃博拉病毒物种对公共卫生仍然构成威胁，因此人们关注寻找具有广泛保护作用的 mAb。在这里，我们综述了在动物模型中已证明具有更广泛保护效力的针对病毒糖蛋白的 mAb。这些新一代 mAb 治疗方法中最先进的是 MBP134，最近在乌干达苏丹埃博拉病毒爆发期间得到了应用。此外，我们还讨论了与增强抗体治疗相关的措施及其风险，包括 mAb 治疗后逃逸突变的出现以及自然发生的 EBOV 变体。
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