Zeb Aurang, Ullah Amir, Khan Amir Sohail, Akram Fazli, Habib Muhammad, Tirth Vineet, Algahtani Ali, Milne S J, Alsuhaibani Amnah Mohammed, Refat Moamen S, Zaman Abid
Department of Physics, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, KP, Pakistan.
Department of Chemistry, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, United States.
ACS Omega. 2023 Jun 15;8(25):22955-22963. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01979. eCollection 2023 Jun 27.
Preparation of a lead-free system (BaCa)TiOBi(MgTi)O (BCT-BMT) with = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 was carried out using a solid-state reaction technique. X-ray (XRD) diffraction analysis confirmed a tetragonal structure for = 0, which shifted to cubic (pseudocubic) at ≥ 0.1. From Rietveld refinement, a single phase with a tetragonal symmetry model () was observed for = 0, and however, for sample = 0.1 and sample = 0.5, the data are modeled to cubic (3). Composition = 0 showed a prominent Curie peak, typical of ordinary ferroelectrics with a Curie temperature () ∼130 °C, modified to a typical relaxor dielectric at ≥ 0.1. However, samples at = 0.2-0.5 displayed a single semicircle attributed to the bulk response of the material, whereas a slightly depressed second arc appeared for = 0.5 at 600 °C, indicating a slight contribution to the electrical properties, ascribed to the grain boundary of the material. Finally, the dc resistivity increased with the increase of the BMT content and the solid solution increased the activation energy from 0.58 eV at = 0 to 0.99 eV for = 0.5. Adding the BMT content eliminated the ferroelectric behavior at compositions ≥ 0.1 and led to a linear dielectric response and electrostrictive behavior with a maximum strain of 0.12% for = 0.2.
采用固态反应技术制备了具有 = 0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4和0.5的无铅体系（BaCa）TiOBi（MgTi）O（BCT - BMT）。X射线（XRD）衍射分析证实，对于 = 0，其结构为四方结构，而当 ≥ 0.1时转变为立方（伪立方）结构。通过Rietveld精修，对于 = 0观察到具有四方对称模型（）的单相，然而，对于样品 = 0.1和样品 = 0.5，数据被建模为立方（3）。组成 = 0显示出明显的居里峰，这是普通铁电体的典型特征，居里温度（）约为130°C，当 ≥ 0.1时转变为典型的弛豫电介质。然而， = 0.2 - 0.5的样品显示出归因于材料体响应的单个半圆，而对于 = 0.5在600°C时出现了略微压低的第二弧，表明对电性能有轻微贡献，这归因于材料的晶界。最后，直流电阻率随着BMT含量的增加而增加，并且固溶体将激活能从 = 0时的0.58 eV增加到 = 0.5时的0.99 eV。添加BMT含量消除了 ≥ 0.1组成时的铁电行为，并导致线性介电响应和电致伸缩行为，对于 = 0.2，最大应变为0.12%。
