Liu Zhaoguo, Lu Ziyang, Guo Shaohua, Yang Quan-Hong, Zhou Haoshen
College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China.
Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.
ACS Cent Sci. 2023 May 15;9(6):1076-1087. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00301. eCollection 2023 Jun 28.
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been deemed to be a promising energy storage technology in terms of cost-effectiveness and sustainability. However, the electrodes often operate at potentials beyond their thermodynamic equilibrium, thus requiring the formation of interphases for kinetic stabilization. The interfaces of the anode such as typical hard carbons and sodium metals are particularly unstable because of its much lower chemical potential than the electrolyte. This creates more severe challenges for both anode and cathode interfaces when building anode-free cells to achieve higher energy densities. Manipulating the desolvation process through the nanoconfining strategy has been emphasized as an effective strategy to stabilize the interface and has attracted widespread attention. This Outlook provides a comprehensive understanding about the nanopore-based solvation structure regulation strategy and its role in building practical SIBs and anode-free batteries. Finally, guidelines for the design of better electrolytes and suggestions for constructing stable interphases are proposed from the perspective of desolvation or predesolvation.
钠离子电池（SIBs）在成本效益和可持续性方面被认为是一种很有前景的储能技术。然而，电极通常在超出其热力学平衡的电位下运行，因此需要形成界面相以实现动力学稳定。阳极界面，如典型的硬碳和钠金属，由于其化学势远低于电解质，特别不稳定。在构建无阳极电池以实现更高能量密度时，这给阳极和阴极界面都带来了更严峻的挑战。通过纳米限域策略来控制去溶剂化过程已被强调为稳定界面的有效策略，并引起了广泛关注。本展望全面介绍了基于纳米孔的溶剂化结构调控策略及其在构建实用的钠离子电池和无阳极电池中的作用。最后，从去溶剂化或预去溶剂化的角度提出了设计更好电解质的指导方针以及构建稳定界面相的建议。
