Wu Shu, Benny Merline, Duara Joanne, Williams Kevin, Tan April, Schmidt Augusto, Young Karen C
Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.
Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.
Front Pediatr. 2023 Jun 16;11:1205882. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1205882. eCollection 2023.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of nano-sized membranous structures increasingly recognized as mediators of intercellular and inter-organ communication. EVs contain a cargo of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, and their cargo composition is highly dependent on the biological function of the parental cells. Their cargo is protected from the extracellular environment by the phospholipid membrane, thus allowing for safe transport and delivery of their intact cargo to nearby or distant target cells, resulting in modification of the target cell's gene expression, signaling pathways and overall function. The highly selective, sophisticated network through which EVs facilitate cell signaling and modulate cellular processes make studying EVs a major focus of interest in understanding various biological functions and mechanisms of disease. Tracheal aspirate EV-miRNA profiling has been suggested as a potential biomarker for respiratory outcome in preterm infants and there is strong preclinical evidence showing that EVs released from stem cells protect the developing lung from the deleterious effects of hyperoxia and infection. This article will review the role of EVs as pathogenic messengers, biomarkers, and potential therapies for neonatal lung diseases.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是一类异质性的纳米级膜结构，越来越被认为是细胞间和器官间通讯的介质。EVs包含蛋白质、脂质和核酸等物质，其物质组成高度依赖于亲代细胞的生物学功能。它们的物质被磷脂膜保护，免受细胞外环境的影响，从而允许其完整的物质安全运输并递送至附近或远处的靶细胞，导致靶细胞的基因表达、信号通路和整体功能发生改变。EVs促进细胞信号传导和调节细胞过程的高度选择性、复杂网络，使得研究EVs成为理解各种生物学功能和疾病机制的主要关注焦点。气管吸出物EV-miRNA谱已被认为是早产儿呼吸结局的潜在生物标志物，并且有强有力的临床前证据表明，干细胞释放的EVs可保护发育中的肺免受高氧和感染的有害影响。本文将综述EVs作为新生儿肺部疾病的致病信使、生物标志物和潜在治疗方法的作用。
